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    Renault CEO questions wisdom of electric vehicle price cuts

    Renault CEO Luca de Meo on Thursday questioned the wisdom of price cuts rivals have been implementing in a bid to bolster market share for their electric vehicle fleets.
    “In the case of Renault, the last thing I’m going to do is to compromise on the margins, you know, of electric cars,” he told CNBC.
    Earlier on Thursday, the company posted record cash flow of 2.1 billion euros and announced a dividend.

    Renault CEO Luca de Meo on Thursday questioned the wisdom of price cuts rivals have been implementing in a bid to bolster market share for their electric vehicle fleets.
    “We’ve seen competitors moving prices up and down, etc., etc. this is their decision. But I don’t think it’s a very healthy practice in the long term,” he told CNBC.

    “As electric cars are ramping up in Europe, we need to have a healthy business, and so, in the case of Renault, the last thing I’m going to do is to compromise on the margins, you know, of electric cars.”
    De Meo’s comments follow a string of aggressive price drops announced by automakers Tesla and Ford amid pressure to remain competitive in a burgeoning EV market.
    Tesla threw down the gauntlet with its mid-January announcement of price reductions for U.S.-marketed models across the board and for its Model 3 and Model Y within Europe. Ford followed on Jan. 30 with price trims for its electric Mustang Mach-E crossover.
    However, De Meo signaled that sales price volatility could erode consumer confidence in EV products.
    “Our priority will be to defend the value for the customer,” he said. “Because those kinds of swings are kind of value destroying for the customer, think about residual value, etc.”

    Renault’s long-term allies are joining the French automaker’s EV push, with Nissan earlier this month pledging to buy a stake of up to 15% in Renault’s electric unit Ampere as part of a broader overhaul of the companies’ 24-year union. Under the reshaped, previously lopsided alliance, Renault will reduce its shareholdings in Nissan from roughly 43% to 15%.
    “My job is to make the Ampere case so interesting for them [Nissan and junior alliance partner Mitsubishi] that they will decide in their capital allocation meetings to put money there and not in an alternative project,” he told CNBC, adding that the investment was not a condition of the restructure.

    Renault Scénic Vision concept car at Brussels Expo on January 13, 2023 in Brussels, Belgium. The Scénic Vision has an electric motor powered by a 40 kWh lithium-ion battery, that can be recharged by a 15 kW hydrogen fuel cell.
    Sjoerd Van Der Wal | Getty Images News | Getty Images

    Earlier on Thursday, Renault reported that its group operating margin doubled to 5.6% in 2022 from 2.8% a year prior, even as net income swung to a 700 million euro ($748 million) loss. It came after the company in May wrote off a 2.3 billion euro impairment linked to exiting its Russian positions.
    Renault posted record cash flow of 2.1 billion euros last year, compared with its guidance of above 1.5 billion euros. Net income from continuing operations increased to 1.6 billion euros, from 549 million euros in 2021, while group revenues inched up to 46.4 billion euros in 2022, from 41.7 billion euros a year prior.
    Renault shares were largely steady at 1 p.m. London time, down modestly in intraday trade at 42.96 euros.

    Supply chain issues

    De Meo said he sees ongoing longevity in the supply and logistical obstacles that have plagued automakers since the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, especially linked to the yearslong global shortage of semiconductor chips.
    “We think that, on the semiconductors, [it] is going to continue to be pretty much of a challenge for another couple of years, especially on the kind of semiconductors that we use in the automotive industry,” De Meo told CNBC, estimating that logistical and component hurdles led Renault to underproduce by 300,000 cars in 2022.
    He forecast similar losses in 2023.
    “So it’s going to stay there. But I think we are a little bit more prepared. We know how to find the parts and how to organize production to keep doing it. But we have to recognize that this is not going to be, again, a normal year,” De Meo added.
    Despite this outlook and a “still challenging environment,” Renault targets a group operating margin at or above 6% in 2022, along with operational free cash flow at or above 2 billion euros.
    It also put forward a dividend of 25 euro cents per share for fiscal 2022 — marking the company’s first payout proposal in four years, according to Reuters — due to be paid in May, if approved during the company’s annual general meeting in the same month.
    Correction: De Meo forecast similar production losses in 2023. An earlier version misstated the year.

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    Why more Chinese tourism means more capital flight

    A railway tour of Laos, a trip to the far corner of Russia to see the Northern Lights, or a polar cruise in the Arctic. These are some of the adventurous options being marketed in China as the country reopens. The urge to travel seems strong: Ctrip, a travel agent, has reported a quadrupling of inquiries in the space of a month; students are searching more for study-abroad opportunities, too. In Macau, a gambling centre, two of the fanciest hotels are fully booked this month. If pre-pandemic patterns reassert themselves, China’s travel spending could increase by $160bn this year, according to Natixis, a bank. Listen to this story. Enjoy more audio and podcasts on More

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    Paramount+ plans price increases as it hits 56 million subscribers

    Paramount Global said it added 9.9 million Paramount+ subscribers during the fourth quarter.
    CEO Bob Bakish said to expect price increases for all of its Paramount+ plans in 2023.
    The tough advertising market continued to weigh on earnings, as Paramount had warned, with fourth quarter revenue down 7%.

    07 December 2022, Berlin: Pam Kaufman, President & CEO Paramount, joins us for the Paramount+ launch event. The Paramount+ streaming service is now available in Germany.
    Jörg Carstensen | Picture Alliance | Getty Images

    Paramount Global said it saw its streaming business grow during the fourth quarter, and announced plans to increase prices for Paramount+ this year.
    Despite adding more streaming customers, Paramount reported its fourth-quarter revenue declined 7%, compared with last year, to roughly $5.9 billion as the weak advertising market weighed on the company.

    related investing news

    9 hours ago

    Paramount’s stock was down nearly 3% early Thursday.
    The company previously warned of the soft advertising market, and on Thursday said ad revenue fell 5% as growth in political advertising was partially offset by the international market. Cord-cutting also played a role, with affiliate and subscription revenue dropping 4%.
    Company executives on Thursday estimated the advertising market will bounce back in the second half of 2023.
    Meanwhile, the company’s direct-to-consumer streaming business, which also includes free ad-supported streamer Pluto, saw an increase of 4%.
    On a call with investors Thursday, Paramount management said 2023 will be its peak investment year for its marquee streaming service. Like its peers, Paramount has been focused on getting its streaming business to profitability in the near-future.

    “Paramount+ remains an incredible value proposition for consumers,” CFO Naveen Chopra said Thursday.
    The price increases will take effect when Paramount+ and Showtime combine later this year. CFO Naveen Chopra said Thursday the Paramount+ premium tier, which will include Showtime, will increase to $11.99 from $9.99, while its lower-priced tier, without Showtime content, will increase by $1 to $5.99.
    The price increases and combination with Showtime will take place in the third quarter.
    Paramount+ added 9.9 million subscribers during the fourth quarter, a record since the streamer was rebranded from CBS All Access in 2021. In total, Paramount+ reached nearly 56 million customers during the fourth quarter.
    Pluto saw monthly active users grow by 6.5 million during the quarter, and global total viewing hours were up “strong double digits quarter-over-quarter.” Free streaming platforms like Pluto and Fox Corp’s Tubi have been bright spots for media companies.
    The jump in Paramount+ subscribers was attributed to the airing of NFL Sunday games, which are simulcast with the company’s CBS broadcast network, as well as the addition of the box office winner “Top Gun: Maverick” in late December. Original programming that stemmed from the “Yellowstone” and “Criminal Minds” franchises also boosted subscriber growth.
    CEO Bob Bakish on Thursday looked ahead to more franchise content debuting this year, particularly in theaters, such as the upcoming installments of “Scream,” “Transformers,” and “Mission: Impossible.”
    Combining the Showtime and Paramount+ platforms will also help condense content spending, which has become a particular focus for media companies. Warner Bros. Discovery slashed content costs soon after its merger was completed.
    Last week Disney said it would cut $5.5 billion in costs, including $3 billion on the content side. Disney’s returning CEO Bob Iger said on CNBC’s “Squawk on the Street” last week that he didn’t view general entertainment as a “differentiator,” particularly on pay-TV and streaming, and the company would lean on its franchise strength.
    While Paramount has long talked about its reliance on franchises across both TV and film, Bakish said Thursday the company’s general entertainment assets — the company also owns a portfolio of cable-TV networks like Comedy Central and MTV — were part of its strengths.
    “The general entertainment space may not make sense for everyone but it clearly makes sense for us when we look at our asset combination,” Bakish said, noting the company believed in its sports and general entertainment strategy when it first went to market with Paramount+.
    Bakish said Thursday the company has long been doing what others in the media space are focusing on at the moment, such as a cheaper tier with commercials of Paramount+, the free ad-supported platform Pluto, and relying on its intellectual property.

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    EVs like the Tesla Model 3 and Toyota hybrids dominate Consumer Reports’ top auto picks

    Consumer Reports is giving a big boost to EVs like the Tesla Model 3 and hybrids like Toyota’s models in its list of top auto picks.
    The 2023 Consumer Reports 10 Top Picks for cars, trucks and SUVs includes seven vehicles that are either hybrid or fully electric.
    Toyota builds four of the 10 models chosen for the list.

    A Toyota RAV4 Prime electric car is recharged October 3, 2022 at a charging station at the town hall in Charlotte, Vermont.
    Robert Nickelsberg | Getty Images

    After years of being touted as a smarter option for car buyers seeking better fuel efficiency and lower costs, hybrids and EVs are getting a big endorsement from Consumer Reports. 
    The 2023 Consumer Reports 10 Top Picks for cars, trucks and SUVs includes seven models that are either hybrid or fully electric.

    “This really just shows how the market is changing,” said Jake Fisher, senior director of automotive testing at Consumer Reports. “Electrification, not just battery electric vehicles, but just electrification, is changing the market and making a lot of really great options.”
    Consumer Reports selects top models at a variety of price points based on its testing of new vehicles, with an emphasis on affordability and safety. For 2023, the selection of hybrids and EVs highlight two advantages those types of vehicles often have over models with internal combustion engines: fuel efficiency and reliability. 
    “With hybrids, you’re kind of being really easy on the engine, being really easy on the brakes, because you’re actually using the generator and the battery to kind of soften everything,” Fisher told CNBC. “There are less brake problems, less transmission problems, everything is kind of muted. Plus, when you look at the hybrids and who’s producing these hybrids, they generally are from very reliable automakers who have been using this technology for a long time.”

    Consumer Reports’ top auto picks for 2023

    Under $25,000:Toyota Corolla HybridToyota Corolla Cross$25,000-$35,000:Subaru ForesterToyota Camry HybridFord Maverick HybridNissan Leaf$35,000-$45,000:Hyundai Santa Fe HybridKia Telluride$45,000-$55,000:Lexus NX350hTesla Model 3Source: Consumer Reports

    That explains why Toyota builds four of the 10 models chosen for 2023 Top Picks, including the Toyota Corolla Hybrid, Toyota Camry Hybrid and Lexus NX 350h. 

    Those models are part of a wave of hybrids that have helped establish Toyota as the leader in this category. Last year, one out of every four vehicles Toyota sold in the U.S. was a hybrid. In the U.S., hybrids and EVs accounted for just over 10% of all vehicles sold last year, according to the auto research firm Edmunds.
    Styling and performance of hybrids and EVs now make them more appealing than a few years ago.
    “Today, you can really have it all. You can have something roomy, something comfortable, something fuel efficient,” Fisher said. He pointed to the Ford Maverick Hybrid which gets 37 miles per gallon as an example of a hybrid that is changing perceptions. “You don’t have to compromise as much as you had to do in the past.”
    Tesla, which sells two out of every three EVs in the U.S., is back on the Top Picks list after being off it last year. Consumer Reports selected the Tesla Model 3 and the Lexus NX 350h as the best choices for vehicles priced between $45,000 and $55,000.
    Meanwhile, Consumer Reports ranks BMW as the No. 1 auto brand, followed by Subaru and Mini.
    “BMW builds many high-performing, full-featured and reliable models, so it’s not surprising to see it at the top of our brand rankings,” Fisher said in a release outlining Consumer Reports’ selections.

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    Stocks making the biggest premarket moves: Shake Shack, Virgin Galactic, Paramount and more

    Sopa Images | Lightrocket | Getty Images

    Check out the companies making the biggest moves premarket:
    Shake Shack — Shares of the quick-service restaurant chain rose slightly after reporting a narrower loss than expected and same-store sales rose 5% year over year. Revenue was in line with expectations.

    Virgin Galactic Holdings — The space travel company gained nearly 3% in the premarket, a day after its Eve mothership had its first test flight since undergoing mechanical upgrades.
    Paramount Global — The entertainment stock slumped 6% in premarket trading after Paramount missed estimates on the top and bottom lines for the third quarter. After adjustments, it earned 8 cents per share on $8.13 billion of revenue. Analysts surveyed by Refinitiv were expecting earnings of 23 cents per share on $8.16 billion of revenue. The company did add 9.9 million Paramount Plus subscribers, but reported a 7% decline in advertising revenue for its TV business.
    Hasbro — The toymaker ticked about 1% higher after reporting a stronger-than-expected profit. Hasbro earned $1.31 per share, excluding items, topping a Refinitiv consensus estimate of $1.29 per share. Its revenue of $1.68 billion was in-line with estimates.
    Tripadvisor — The online travel company fell more than 4% in the premarket after being downgraded by Bernstein to market perform from outperform. The Wall Street firm said Tripadvisor’s strategic plan appeared more defensive than offensive. Tripadvisor outpaced fourth-quarter estimates on Wednesday.
    Roku — The streaming device company rallied nearly 9% after reporting a narrower-than-expected loss of $1.70 per share, compared with $1.73 per share, per Refinitiv. Its revenue of $867 million topped estimates of $802 million.

    Cisco Systems — The digital communications company gained 3.5% after it raised its outlook for the year in the wake of strong earnings. Excluding items, it earned 88 cents per share, slightly above the Refinitiv estimate of 86 cents per share. Cisco also beat revenue expectations.
    Twilio— The communications tools maker rose nearly 9% after reporting revenue of $1.02 billion, above the $1 billion analyst polled by Refinitiv expected.
    Shopify — The cloud-based e-commerce platform’s shares plunged more than 13% on Thursday after it issued lighter-than-expected guidance for the current quarter. Otherwise, Shopify’s earnings and revenue beat Wall Street’s expectations.
    Zillow Group — The online real estate company added nearly 2% in the premarket after reporting adjusted earnings of 21 cents per share on revenue of $435 million. That beat analysts’ expectations of 7 cents per share on $415 million in revenue, per Refinitiv.
    West Pharmaceutical Services — The drug and health-care products manufacturer gained 5.3% after reporting a fourth-quarter earnings and revenue beat. Adjusted earnings came in at $1.77 per share, versus a StreetAccount estimate of $1.38 per share. Revenue was $708.7 million, compared with the $657.2 million expected.
    Boston Beer — The brewing company dropped more than 12% after reporting a surprise fourth-quarter loss of $11.4 million, or 93 cents per share. The company said supply-chain inefficiencies hurt its margins and it expects to post a loss in the first quarter as well.
    Generac Holdings— The generator builder rose more than 1% after being upgraded by Canaccord Genuity to buy from hold on the back of its latest earnings report. On Wednesday Generac posted earnings that beat estimates and provided a better-than-expected revenue forecast for the year.
    Synopsys — The silicon design company shed 3.8% after issuing weaker-than-expected second-quarter guidance. Synopsys beat earnings expectations in the first quarter, but revenue was in-line.
    — CNBC’s Fred Imbert, Jesse Pound and Hakyung Kim contributed reporting.
    Correction: A previous headline misstated the time of day the stocks were moving.

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    5 things to know before the stock market opens Thursday

    5 Things to Know

    Ford paused F-150 Lightning production due to a vehicle fire linked to a battery issue.
    Cisco delivers strong earnings and a good outlook.
    Sen. Bernie Sanders hints at a subpoena for Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz.

    Traders work on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange. 

    Here are the most important news items that investors need to start their trading day:

    1. Muddling through

    The bulls are mucking through an inconclusive week. Retail sales came in hotter than expected Wednesday, which should, in theory, feed worries that the Federal Reserve will keep raising rates until morale, er, inflation improves. But stocks still finished the day higher, albeit not by large margins. Investors will chew over more economic data Thursday: the January producer price index report, which gauges wholesale inflation; weekly jobless claims; and housing starts. Follow live markets updates.

    2. Electric worry

    Ford workers produce the electric F-150 Lightning pickup on Dec. 13, 2022 at the automaker’s Ford Rouge Electric Vehicle Center (REVC).
    Michael Wayland | CNBC

    Ford halted production and shipments of its fully electric F-150 Lightning pickup after one of the vehicles caught fire earlier this month due to a battery issue, the company said late Wednesday. Ford said it believes engineers have determined the cause of the fire, and that it expects an investigation into the matter to wrap up by the end of next week. Then, Ford said, it would make adjustments to the battery production process, which “could take a few weeks.” The developments come at a difficult time for Ford, which is attempting to turn around its business after posting a net loss for 2022, all while making the transition to EVs.

    3. Cisco comes through

    A sign bearing the logo for communications and security tech giant Cisco Systems Inc is seen outside one of its offices in San Jose, California, August 11, 2022.
    Paresh Dave | Reuters

    Computer networking company Cisco’s stock got a decent bump in off-hours trade after a strong earnings report. The company beat on the top and bottom lines, while also raising its forecast for the year. Cisco also said some of its logistics costs came down. Demand is also stable, according to Cisco, even as other tech companies contend with sliding demand for computers and pressures from a slumping ad market. But the company also reported some difficulties. For instance, its hardware and software backlogs are still much higher than usual, and it’s due to limited supply availability, according to CFO Scott Herren.

    4. Here’s who helped SBF get out on bail

    Former FTX Chief Executive Sam Bankman-Fried, who faces fraud charges over the collapse of the bankrupt cryptocurrency exchange, leaves following a hearing at Manhattan federal court in New York City, January 3, 2023.
    Andrew Kelly | Reuters

    Indicted FTX founder Sam Bankman-Fried secured his release on bond with the help of two academics at Stanford University. One of them, Stanford Law School dean emeritus Larry Kramer, said he’s close with SBF’s mother and father, who are professors at the law school. “Joe Bankman and Barbara Fried have been close friends of my wife and I since the mid-1990s,” Kramer told CNBC. Andreas Paepcke, a research scientist at the school was the other guarantor whose name was under seal until a federal judge decided otherwise, following a motion by several media outlets, including CNBC. Paepcke didn’t respond to a request for comment. SBF, who has been charged with sweeping fraud and conspiracy counts, was released on a $250 million bond in December. His parents also signed on as guarantors.

    5. Sanders vs. Schultz

    Senator Bernie Sanders (I-VT) (L), Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz
    Reuters (L) | Getty Images (R)

    Howard Schultz will soon step down as Starbucks CEO – for the third time – but Sen. Bernie Sanders wants to haul him in front of lawmakers anyway after the executive turned down an invitation to testify next month. While Sanders didn’t outright say he would try to subpoena Schultz, he hinted that it could be in the works. “One way or another, he will be there,” the senator told reporters Wednesday. Sanders, a self-described democratic socialist who favors unions, chairs the Senate’s Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee. The panel has scheduled a March 9 hearing on Starbucks’ labor practices. Schultz, who’s also a big shareholder in the coffee giant, has been leading Starbucks’ efforts to counter a unionization push among its baristas, even as the company touts progressive initiatives.
    – CNBC’s Sarah Min, Michael Wayland, Jordan Novet, Rohan Goswami and Amelia Lucas contributed to this report.
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    The case for globalisation optimism

    “We are suffering just now from a bad attack of economic pessimism,” wrote John Maynard Keynes in 1930, in the midst of a disintegrating global economy. He went on to describe the much better future the world could expect if it ever got its act together. Things are not so bleak today, but it is nevertheless hard to feel cheerful about globalisation’s prospects. America and China, which together account for nearly a quarter of world trade, are on ever-icier terms. Rules which fostered an era of rapid globalisation are being flouted into irrelevance. Perhaps most distressing is the sense that this film has played before. The 19th century saw its own period of breakneck globalisation. In the end, however, economic nationalism and great-power conflict destroyed the global trading system, and much else besides. A spiral towards catastrophe sometimes seems only a few stray balloons away.The world has experience with cold war, but not between countries as economically intertwined as America and China. In a suspicious atmosphere, accidents happen. The habit of protecting and subsidising domestic firms—as both countries are now doing on a gargantuan scale—may prove difficult to break. All this means globalisation’s immediate prospects appear bleak. But looking on the bright side, as Keynes did, is a helpful reminder of the ways in which events often end up going better than expected. Where globalisation is concerned, demography, technological progress and the example of history itself could push the world in the direction of more, rather than less, integration. Globalisation’s prospects are brighter than most now appreciate.Start with demographic change. History suggests that trade policy responds to the relative scarcity or abundance of factors of production, like labour. In the 19th century, countries with lots of land but few workers, like America and Australia, subsidised immigration. But as economic integration narrowed price and wage gaps across countries, and workers in once labour-scarce economies grew angry at slow pay growth, governments began erecting barriers to goods and people. Recent experience tells a similar story. Exposure to imports from labour-rich economies like China fuelled anti-trade sentiment. Americans have elected successive protectionist presidents after years of labour-market weakness, in which too many workers competed for too little work. Recently, though, the situation has begun to change. Unemployment rates are low across much of the rich world, and investment programmes intended to reshore production may further boost demand for workers, even as labour forces grow more slowly or shrink. Although robots may eventually help plug workforce gaps, rich countries looking to expand production will need to welcome foreign workers, or source goods and components through supply chains which tap abundant labour supplies in other economies. Either would deepen cross-border ties.Technological change is another cause for optimism. In the 19th century, railways and telegraphs brought a sharp decline in transport and communication costs, and were at least as responsible for economic integration as cuts to tariff barriers. Over the past half-century, information technology and container shipping helped make the explosive growth of global supply chains possible. Today, privacy and national-security concerns have led to some balkanisation of digital-information flows. One might suppose governments will be more protective still of powerful new ai. But technology will facilitate trade in other ways. The transition to renewable energy sources will create new patterns of resource scarcity and abundance. Remote-work technologies have already reduced the cost of providing services across borders. In a context of labour scarcity, this sort of trade is likely to increase, whether or not domestic working arrangements return to patterns last seen before covid-19. In addition, continued improvements in machine translation and speech recognition will reduce the cost of trade in both goods and services among countries that speak different languages. Although the macroeconomic effects of progress in ai are difficult to predict, an ai-powered economic boom would probably be associated with large global flows of investment and capital goods. If productivity were to surge in the economies of ai leaders like America, such places might become more eager to export and more open to measures which liberalise trade.Optimism is warranted, above all, because we learn from the past. The macroeconomic shocks in 2007-09 and 2020 could easily have sparked depressions, but did not because policymakers understood how to avoid the gravest errors of the 1930s. Covid took an awful toll, but advances in public health and medicine helped ensure that the pandemic was less deadly than the Spanish flu, in a world far more populous and connected than that of 1918. And whereas the leaders of a century ago could not anticipate the terrible cost of the detour taken in August 1914, those today are well aware of it. History will be different as a result.All changeThose still feeling dour should take courage from recent experience. For all the considerable difficulties of the past decade or so, global trade as a share of gdp has only retreated a little from the peak it reached in 2008. Recent history demonstrates, moreover, that nothing in geopolitics is for ever—and trends which look inexorable come to an end. The cold war divided the world and then, suddenly, it did not. Supreme confidence in the inevitable spread of democracy was displaced by the worry that an authoritarian China would dominate the globe, which is now barely a worry at all. The stalemate between America and China will one day be old news, perhaps sooner than most currently think. Mistakes led the world to its current uncertain state, it is true. And more mistakes will certainly be made. But the past shows only what has gone wrong, not what will. It is by remembering this that we find the wisdom to do better. ■Read more from Free Exchange, our column on economics:Google, Microsoft and the threat from overmighty trustbusters (Feb 9th)The AI boom: lessons from history (Feb 2nd)Have economists misunderstood inflation? (Jan 26th)For more expert analysis of the biggest stories in economics, finance and markets, sign up to Money Talks, our weekly subscriber-only newsletter. More

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    Scrutiny of major crypto institutions is intensifying

    The crypto crowd is hardly known for understating its own importance. Its members dubbed the implosion of ftx, the crypto exchange which collapsed spectacularly in November, the industry’s “Lehman Brothers moment”, a nod to the enormous ramifications of the fall of the investment bank. Now they say the industry is going through its “Dodd-Frank moment”, a reference to the sprawling financial regulations that were put in place after Lehman’s collapse.In America, if crypto firms are regulated at all, they fall under the purview of various agencies—from the Securities and Exchange Commission (sec), a markets regulator, and the cftc, which oversees commodities, to numerous state bodies. All were ramping up enforcement actions against crypto businesses in 2022, after the go-go years of 2020 and 2021 pushed crypto products into the mainstream. But moves to curtail various crypto activities have now begun to reach a frenetic pace.On February 9th the sec reached a settlement with Kraken, a crypto exchange. The company agreed to pay a $30m fine and stop offering its staking-as-a-service business, in which customers deposited crypto tokens and the exchange “staked” them on their behalf, in return for rewards (in a manner not dissimilar to a bank offering interest). On February 13th the New York State Department of Financial Services (nysfds), a state financial regulator, ordered Paxos, a firm which issues stablecoins (tokens backed by dollars), to stop issuing a stablecoin it had created for Binance, the biggest crypto exchange.These actions add to a growing list of enforcements against, or investigations into, crypto firms. In July the sec launched a probe into Coinbase, a publicly listed exchange, investigating whether it listed crypto tokens that were, in fact, securities—a notion the exchange denied. And in August America’s Treasury placed sanctions on Tornado Cash, software which runs on the Ethereum blockchain and mixes individuals’ crypto deposits into a pool before dispersing them again, making it difficult to trace ownership.To many in the crypto industry these actions are an affront, nothing less than an attempt to choke off a source of financial innovation. But the sum of the authorities’ actions is revealing. First, their priorities have become much clearer. Second, the agencies have worked out methods which they can use to enforce laws or regulations in highly unfamiliar terrain.One priority is snuffing out instruments that may be used for financial crime. Tornado Cash was allegedly employed by North Korean hackers to launder $450m of stolen crypto. nysfds’s More