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    Amazon to connect Kuiper satellites with laser links to boost space internet network

    Amazon will include a key technology in its coming Project Kuiper internet satellites, the company announced, following successful tests in space during its recent prototype mission.
    Kuiper satellites will feature “optical inter-satellite links,” also known as OISLs or laser links, which serve as a way to connect the satellites to one another in orbit.
    “With optical inter-satellite links across our satellite constellation, Project Kuiper will effectively operate as a mesh network in space,” a company executive said.

    A visualization of laser links connecting Kuiper satellites in orbit around the Earth.

    Amazon will include a key speed-boosting technology in its coming Project Kuiper internet satellites, the company announced Thursday.
    Amazon says it tested the laser link tech successfully during its recent Protoflight mission. Traditionally, satellites are limited to sending data between an individual spacecraft and the ground. Laser links connect satellites to each other.

    The Kuiper satellites’ “optical inter-satellite links,” also known as OISLs, serve as a way to transmit data through space. Laser links are a feature that Elon Musk’s SpaceX began introducing in later generations of its Starlink satellites. The links help improve both the latency and speed of these networks.
    “With optical inter-satellite links across our satellite constellation, Project Kuiper will effectively operate as a mesh network in space,” Rajeev Badyal, Amazon’s Project Kuiper vice president of technology, said in a statement.

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    Amazon’s pair of Kuiper prototype satellites “completed multiple successful” laser link demonstrations, the company said. During the tests, the Kuiper prototype satellites maintained links that transferred data at 100 gigabits per second (Gbps) over a distance of nearly 621 miles between the spacecraft.
    “Because light travels faster in space than it does through glass, Kuiper’s orbital laser mesh network will be able to move data approximately 30% faster than if it traveled the equivalent distance via terrestrial fiber optic cables,” Amazon said.
    The company plans to include laser links from the outset in production of its commercial Kuiper satellites, with the network planned to consist of 3,236 satellites in low Earth orbit. To date, Amazon has ordered 97 rocket launches to begin deploying its satellites in the first half of next year. In full, Amazon expects to invest upward of $10 billion to build Kuiper.

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    Cadillac reveals three-row Vistiq to round out electric SUV lineup

    Cadillac plans to round out its upcoming lineup of all-electric SUVs with a three-row vehicle called the Vistiq.
    Cadillac declined to disclose pricing, availability and other specifics of the 2026 Vistiq, which is expected to go on sale in the U.S. in 2025.
    With confirmation of the Vistiq, Cadillac’s upcoming EV lineup now matches its traditional internal combustion engine vehicle lineup, aside from an extended ESV version of the Escalade.

    The 2026 Cadillac Vistiq EV.

    DETROIT — Cadillac plans to round out its upcoming lineup of all-electric SUVs with a three-row vehicle called the Vistiq, a replacement for its current gas-powered XT6.
    The General Motors luxury brand on Thursday released images of the Vistiq, which is expected to be its fifth EV, and slot between the company’s current all-electric Lyriq and upcoming Escalade IQ.

    Cadillac declined to disclose pricing, availability and other specifics of the 2026 Vistiq, which is expected to go on sale in the U.S. in 2025.
    “Our brand now has an EV entry in most luxury segments, offering customers a range of choices, and Cadillac EVs will cover most luxury SUV segments across critical global markets in the next two years,” John Roth, vice president of Cadillac, said in a release.
    With confirmation of the Vistiq, Cadillac’s forthcoming EV lineup now matches its traditional internal combustion engine vehicle lineup, aside from an extended ESV version of the Escalade.
    The electric SUVs — Optiq, Lyriq, Vistiq and Escalade IQ — are expected to replace their gas-engine counterparts in Cadillac’s lineup by 2030, when the brand has said it will exclusively offer EVs. It’s also producing a bespoke $300,000-plus Celestiq hatchback.
    Cadillac has yet to reveal EV replacements for its two current CT4 and CT5 sedans.

    The 2026 Cadillac Vistiq EV.

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    Friday’s S&P 500 and Nasdaq-100 rebalance may reflect concerns over concentration risk

    KTSDesign | Science Photo Library | Getty Images

    It’s arguably the biggest stock story of 2023: a small number of giant technology companies now make up a very large part of big indexes like the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq-100. 
    Five companies (Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Nvidia and Alphabet) make up about 25% of the S&P 500. Six companies (Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Nvidia, Alphabet and Broadcom) make up about 40% of the Nasdaq-100. 

    The S&P 500 and the Nasdaq are rebalancing their respective indexes this Friday. While this is a routine event, some of the changes may reflect the concerns over concentration risk. 
    A ton of money is pegged to a few indexes 
    Now that the CPI and the Fed meeting are out of the way, these rebalances are the last major “liquidity events” of the year, corresponding with another notable trading event: triple witching, or the quarterly expiration of stock options, index options and index futures. 
    This is an opportunity for the trading community to move large blocks of stock for the last gasps of tax loss harvesting or to position for the new year. Trading volume will typically drop 30%-40% in the final two weeks of the year after triple witching, with only the final trading day showing significant volume.
    All of this might appear of only academic interest, but the big move to passive index investing in the past 20 years has made these events more important to investors. 
    When these indexes are adjusted, either because of additions or deletions, or because share counts change, or because the weightings are changed to reduce the influence of the largest companies, it means a lot of money moves in and out of mutual funds and ETFs that are directly or indirectly tied to the indexes. 

    Standard & Poor’s estimates that nearly $13 trillion is directly or indirectly indexed to the S&P 500. The three largest ETFs (SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust, iShares Core S&P 500 ETF, and Vanguard S&P 500 ETF) are all directly indexed to the S&P 500 and collectively have nearly $1.2 trillion in assets under management. 
    Linked to the Nasdaq-100 — the 100 largest nonfinancial companies listed on Nasdaq — the Invesco QQQ Trust (QQQ) is the fifth-largest ETF, with roughly $220 billion in assets under management. 
    S&P 500: Apple and others will be for sale. Uber going in 
    For the S&P 500, Standard & Poor’s will adjust the weighting of each stock to account for changes in share count. Share counts typically change because many companies have large buyback programs that reduce share count. 
    This quarter, Apple, Alphabet, Comcast, Exxon Mobil, Visa and Marathon Petroleum will all see their share counts reduced, so funds indexed to the S&P will have to reduce their weighting. 
    S&P 500: Companies with share count reduction
    (% of share count reduction)

    Apple        0.5%
    Alphabet   1.3%
    Comcast    2.4%
    Exxon Mobil  1.0%
    Visa                0.8%
    Marathon Petroleum  2.6%

    Source: S&P Global
    Other companies (Nasdaq, EQT, and Amazon among them) will see their share counts increased, so funds indexed to the S&P 500 will have to increase their weighting. 
    In addition, three companies are being added to the S&P 500: Uber, Jabil, and Builders FirstSource.  I wrote about the effect that being added to the S&P was having on Uber’s stock price last week.  
    Three other companies are being deleted and will go from the S&P 500 to the S&P SmallCap 600 index: Sealed Air, Alaska Air and SolarEdge Technologies. 
    Nasdaq-100 changes: DoorDash, MongoDB, Splunk are in 
    The Nasdaq-100 is rebalanced four times a year; however, the annual reconstitution, where stocks are added or deleted, happens only in December. 
    Last Friday, Nasdaq announced that six companies would be added to the Nasdaq-100: CDW Corporation (CDW), Coca-Cola Europacific Partners (CCEP), DoorDash (DASH), MongoDB (MDB), Roper Technologies (ROP), and Splunk (SPLK). 
    Six others will be deleted: Align Technology (ALGN), eBay (EBAY), Enphase Energy (ENPH), JD.com (JD), Lucid Group (LCID), and Zoom Video Communications (ZM).
    Concentration risk: The rules
    Under federal law, a diversified investment fund (mutual funds, exchange-traded funds), even if it just mimics an index like the S&P 500, has to satisfy certain diversification requirements. This includes requirements that: 1) no single issuer can account for more than 25% of the total assets of the portfolio, and 2) securities that represent more than 5% of the total assets cannot exceed 50% of the total portfolio. 
    Most of the major indexes have similar requirements in their rules. 
    For example, there are 11 S&P sector indexes that are the underlying indexes for widely traded ETFs such as the Technology Select SPDR ETF (XLK). The rules for these sector indexes are similar to the rules on diversification requirements for investment funds discussed above. For example, the S&P sector indexes say that a single stock cannot exceed 24% of the float-adjusted market capitalization of that sector index and that the sum of the companies with weights greater than 4.8% cannot exceed 50% of the total index weight. 
    At the end of last week, three companies had weights greater than 4.8% in the Technology Select Sector (Microsoft at 23.5%, Apple at 22.8%, and Broadcom at 4.9%) and their combined market weight was 51.2%, so if those same prices hold at the close on Friday, there should be a small reduction in Apple and Microsoft in that index. 
    S&P will announce if there are changes in the sector indexes after the close on Friday. 
    The Nasdaq-100 also uses a “modified” market-capitalization weighting scheme, which can constrain the size of the weighting for any given stock to address overconcentration risk. This rebalancing may reduce the weighting in some of the largest stocks, including Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Nvidia and Alphabet. 
    The move up in these large tech stocks was so rapid in the first half of the year that Nasdaq took the unusual step of initiating a special rebalance in the Nasdaq-100 in July to address the overconcentration of the biggest names. As a result, Microsoft, Apple, Nvidia, Amazon and Tesla all saw their weightings reduced. 
    Market concentration is nothing new
    Whether the rules around market concentration should be tightened is open for debate, but the issue has been around for decades.
    For example, Phil Mackintosh and Robert Jankiewicz from Nasdaq recently noted that the weight of the five largest companies in the S&P 500 was also around 25% back in the 1970s.
    Disclosure: Comcast is the corporate parent of NBCUniversal and CNBC. More

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    Watch: ECB President Christine Lagarde speaks after rate decision

    [The stream is slated to start at 8:45 a.m. ET. Please refresh the page if you do not see a player above at that time.]
    European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde is due to give a press conference following the bank’s latest monetary policy decision.

    The ECB on Thursday held interest rates steady for the second meeting in a row, as it revised its growth forecasts lower.
    The bank was widely expected to leave policy unchanged in light of the sharp fall in euro zone inflation, as investors instead chase signals on when the first rate cut may come and assess the ECB’s plans to shrink its balance sheet.
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    Manhattan median rent falls for the first time in over two years

    The median rent in Manhattan fell 2% in November, to $4,000 from $4,095, according to a report from Douglas Elliman and Miller Samuel.
    The drop, while slight, marks the first year-over-year decline in median prices in 27 months, according to the report.
    Tight supply and strong demand pushed rents to record highs over the summer, holding steady in the early fall. Now, brokers say demand is fading fast.

    Manhattan rents fell for the first time in over two years, as the supply of empty apartments grew and renters held out for price cuts, according to a report released Thursday.
    The median rent in Manhattan fell 2% in November, to $4,000 from $4,095, according to a report from Douglas Elliman and Miller Samuel. The drop, while slight, marks the first year-over-year decline in median prices in 27 months, according to the report.

    “Prices hit an affordability threshold and this is the reaction,” said Jonathan Miller, CEO of Miller Samuel.
    The decline in Manhattan rents has important implications for the housing market and overall inflation, since Manhattan is the nation’s largest rental market. Renters and economists have been predicting a decline in Manhattan rents for over a year, but tight supply and strong demand pushed rents to record highs over the summer, holding steady in the early fall.
    Now, brokers say demand is fading fast.
    “The decline has been sudden,” said Keyan Sanai, the top rental broker for Douglas Elliman in New York. “You can feel it.”
    Sanai said many landlords are quietly offering concessions, like a month of free rent, rather than cut listing prices. He had a recent one bedroom listing in midtown that was asking $4,700 a month. After negotiating, the renter won concessions that brought the effective rent down to $3,900 a month.

    The number of apartments offering concessions increased to 14% in November from 12% in October, according to Miller Samuel and Douglas Elliman.
    Sanai said the number of renters looking for apartments has also cooled quickly. In September, his inbox was filled with renter requests for a listing in a luxury building where units went for $7,500 a month. In October, a similar unit came on the market “and nobody was reaching out. The velocity declined rapidly.”
    Of course, Manhattan rents are still the highest in the country and are still 11% higher than before the pandemic. The average rent in Manhattan is still $5,150 a month, despite also falling 2% over last year.
    Inventory also remains historically tight, just under the normal 3% level, according to Miller Samuel and Douglas Elliman.
    Yet brokers say renters looking for apartments may see prices continue to fall into early next year. They say job cuts in the financial and tech industries in Manhattan will limit demand from young new employees in Manhattan. Falling mortgage rates will also start to make the sales market more attractive, turning more renters into buyers.
    “For landlords I think it could be a dark winter, then things will probably get brighter in the Spring,” Sanai said. “My advice to renters is to take advantage of the deals.” More

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    Youth sports is a multibillion-dollar business. An ex-Disney TV exec aims to supercharge it

    Ben Sherwood, former president of the Disney ABC Television Group, is looking to supercharge youth sports in a partnership with youth sports management platform TeamSnap.
    Sherwood’s MOJO Sports platform, which boasts live game streaming, launched in 2021 with big-name backers such as NFL star Russell Wilson.
    The youth sports industry is heating up after a pandemic slump, says an expert in the field, with the industry commanding a larger market than the NFL.

    Former Disney TV executive Ben Sherwood coaching his son Will.
    Credit: Karen Sherwood

    While Ben Sherwood was working as a top Disney television executive, he was juggling another major commitment — one he couldn’t quite get the hang of.
    Sherwood traveled back and forth between the East and West Coasts to coach for his son’s baseball, soccer, basketball and flag football teams. He became passionate enough about it to launch a youth sports venture, MOJO Sports, following his tenure at Disney.

    “I wasn’t very good at it, but I loved it,” Sherwood, also a novelist and a former journalist, told CNBC. “As I got ready to leave Disney in 2019, my thought was how could we bring a little bit of Disney magic to youth sports and build a consumer-facing app that helps parent like me who wanted to be involved.”
    Now, Sherwood is looking to level up his platform with a new partnership. TeamSnap, a sports management platform, is buying MOJO, the two sides announced Thursday morning. Financial terms of the deal were not announced.
    Sherwood hopes the deal will scale MOJO to TeamSnap’s millions of users. Parents and youth team managers use TeamSnap, founded in 2009, to organize rosters and schedules, while enabling communication between parents and coaches. The business also has a business-to-business arm, which facilitates management, registration and payments for league owners.
    The partners hope MOJO’s coaching resources and live game streaming will make involvement in youth sports a better experience for players, families and coaches. MOJO’s data has shown that its platform leads to lower coach churn and supports lower dropout rates for players.
    This is partially due to the wide range of coaching materials available on the platform, which were created and supplied by MOJO’s partners in pro sports such as Major League Baseball. The resources give coaches the material and know-how to lead a better, and more fun, team practice, Sherwood said.

    “The biggest reason kids drop out of sports is that it’s not fun,” said Sherwood. “One of the biggest reasons it’s not fun is practice sucks and the coach is terrible.”
    When your kids are involved in youth sports, every weekend becomes Super Bowl weekend, said TeamSnap CEO Peter Frintzilas.

    MOJO rising

    MOJO Sports launched its platform in 2021 fully decked out with coaching materials, virtual player cards and a photo library for players. But the main attraction is its live game streaming, a service that, say, lets grandparents watch their grandkids’ games from across the country.
    MOJO also boasts National Football League star power. Super Bowl-winning quarterback Russell Wilson, who is now with the Denver Broncos, came on board with MOJO in 2021 as a founding partner and investor. MOJO announced a partnership with NFL Flag, where Wilson serves as chairman, in August 2021.
    “I’m deeply connected to our mission at MOJO, which is to enhance the youth sports experience,” Wilson said in a statement. “With the size, scale and resources of TeamSnap, the combined new platform will be unstoppable in helping us reach that goal.”

    Seattle Seahawks quarterback Russell Wilson drops back to pass during the fourth quarter of Super Bowl XLIX.
    Icon Sports Wire

    TeamSnap’s platform captures more than two million daily active users, which will allow MOJO to scale its streaming and training content to the vast user base, Sherwood said. MOJO already has five million users worldwide on the platform, the company said.
    While professional leagues such as the NFL and National Basketball Association generate billions in revenue, youth sports isn’t exactly small fry. The market captures $37.5 billion globally, with an estimated 60 million young athletes involved, according to Sports Business Journal, referencing Maia Research. The NFL made revenue of nearly $12 billion in 2022 in its main market, the U.S., NBC Sports reported.
    The youth sports market as whole is heating up after a pandemic slump, when Covid restrictions limited social interactions and events, according to youth sports expert and Aspen Institute director Tom Farrey.
    “Private equity is flowing billions of dollars into the youth sports market,” said Farrey. “Firms are buying up and aggregating clubs in a number of sports, and creating new products for an industry that serves as many as 30 million children and could serve tens of millions more in the U.S. alone if it can reduce attrition rates.”
    Youth sports is uniquely positioned because of its ability to attract a far more devout customer than even that of top professional sports leagues. The average parent in the U.S. shells out $883 a year for one child’s sports commitments with many families paying far more, according to an Aspen Institute report from 2022. In total, parents cough up $30 billion to $40 billion annually for youth sports, the Aspen Institute added.
    “I love the Liverpool Football Club, but I’m a way bigger fan of the team my son plays soccer on,” said Sherwood. “You are a much bigger fan of your child’s team than any pro team, and it’s that fandom that we are trying to unlock.”Don’t miss these stories from CNBC PRO: More

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    Bank of England leaves policy unchanged, says rates to stay high for ‘extended period’

    The Monetary Policy Committee voted 6-3 in favor of holding rates steady for a third consecutive meeting. The three dissenting members favored a further 25 basis point hike to 5.5%.
    “As illustrated by the November Monetary Policy Report projections, the Committee continues to judge that monetary policy is likely to need to be restrictive for an extended period of time,” the MPC said.
    The MPC noted in Thursday’s report that “key indicators of U.K. inflation persistence remain elevated,” although tighter monetary policy is leading to a looser labor market and weighing on activity in the real economy.

    Buses pass in the City of London financial district outside the Royal Exchange near the Bank of England on 2nd July 2021 in London, United Kingdom.
    Mike Kemp | In Pictures | Getty Images

    LONDON — The Bank of England on Thursday kept its main interest rate unchanged at 5.25% and said monetary policy is “likely to need to be restrictive for an extended period of time.”
    The Monetary Policy Committee voted 6-3 in favor of holding rates steady for a third consecutive meeting. The three dissenting members favored a further 25 basis point hike to 5.5%.

    U.K. headline inflation fell to an annual 4.6% in October, its lowest point in two years, while wage growth has also undershot expectations of late but at over 7% still remains uncomfortably high for the central bank, as it looks to bring inflation down towards its 2% target sustainably.
    The MPC noted in Thursday’s report that “key indicators of U.K. inflation persistence remain elevated,” although tighter monetary policy is leading to a looser labor market and weighing on activity in the real economy.
    Real U.K. GDP was flat in the third quarter, in line with the Monetary Policy Committee’s projections, but the economy unexpectedly shrank by 0.3% month-on-month in October.
    The central bank ended a run of 14 straight hikes in September, after lifting its benchmark rate from 0.1% to a 15-year high of 5.25% between December 2021 and August 2023.
    The U.S. Federal Reserve on Wednesday revealed that policymakers were penciling in at least three interest rate cuts in 2024, offering a dovish surprise that sent global stock markets surging.

    However, the MPC once again pushed back against market expectations, reiterating that rates will need to stay in restrictive territory for an extended period of time in order to return inflation to target over the medium term.

    “As illustrated by the November Monetary Policy Report projections, the Committee continues to judge that monetary policy is likely to need to be restrictive for an extended period of time,” the MPC said.
    “Further tightening in monetary policy would be required if there were evidence of more persistent inflationary pressures.”
    The November report projected that the consumer price index will average around 4.75% in the fourth quarter of 2023, before dropping to around 4.5% in the first quarter of next year and 3.75% in the second quarter.
    At the same time, GDP is expected to grow by just 0.1% in the fourth quarter after flatlining in the third.
    The Bank last week warned that although household finances are faring better than expected, higher borrowing costs have yet to fully feed through to the economy.
    ‘Unnecessarily damaging’
    Suren Thiru, economics director at ICAEW, said the Thursday decision was further confirmation that interest rates have peaked, but suggested that the Bank was at risk of keeping monetary policy too tight for too long, given the fragile economic backdrop.
    “The Bank’s rhetoric on rates is unnecessarily hawkish given slowing wage growth and a deteriorating economy, raising fears that it will keep rates high for too long, unnecessarily damaging an already struggling economy,” Thiru said.
    “With inflation trending downwards and the economy at risk of recession, the case for interest rate cuts is likely to grow over the coming months. Against this backdrop, the Monetary Policy Committee could well start loosening policy by next summer.”

    Hetal Mehta, head of economic research at St James’s Place, said that the Bank’s decision to communicate a hawkish message sets it “markedly apart from the Fed.”
    “Underlying inflation is still uncomfortably high and the recent pricing of multiple rate cuts from early next year was clearly an easing of financial conditions that the BoE felt the need to push back against,” she said.
    “The fall in wage inflation so far is not enough to be consistent with the 2% inflation target.”
    Despite concerns about persistently tight monetary policy tipping the economy into recession, a Treasury spokesperson said by email that the U.K. had “turned a corner” in the fight against inflation. The spokesperson noted that real wages are rising, but said the country must “keep driving inflation out of the economy to reach our 2% target.” More

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    Moderna, Merck vaccine with Keytruda delays return of deadly skin cancer after 3 years, data says

    Moderna and Merck’s experimental cancer vaccine, when used in combination with Keytruda, reduced the risk of death or relapse in patients with the most deadly form of skin cancer after three years, according to midstage trial data.
    Those results build on midstage trial data the companies released earlier this year, which examined the efficacy of the combination over a shorter period.
    Moderna and Merck are also testing the vaccine with Keytruda against other tumor types, including non-small cell lung cancer.

    An exterior view of Moderna’s clinical manufacturing facility. 
    David L. Ryan | Boston Globe | Getty Images

    Moderna and Merck’s experimental cancer vaccine, when used in combination with Merck’s blockbuster therapy Keytruda, reduced the risk of death or relapse in patients with the most deadly form of skin cancer after three years, according to midstage trial data released Thursday. 
    The combination specifically slashed the risk of death or recurrence of the cancer, known as melanoma, by 49% in patients in later stages of the disease compared to those who received Keytruda alone after three years. The cancer vaccine in combination with Keytruda also reduced the risk of melanoma spreading to other parts of the body by 62%.

    Those results build on midstage trial data the companies released earlier this year, which showed the efficacy of the combination in the same 157 patients over a shorter period. After around two years, the vaccine and Keytruda cut the risk of death or relapse by 44% in melanoma patients, and reduced the risk of the cancer spreading in the body by 65%, according to the earlier trial data. 
    The most common side effects of the vaccine after three years were fatigue, injection site pain and chills, according to Thursday’s data.
    The new results suggest that the cancer shot used with the immunotherapy continues to provide meaningful health benefits to melanoma patients after they stay on the treatment for a longer period of time. The two drugmakers are continuing to study the combination as a treatment for melanoma in a late-stage trial, which began in July.
    The vaccine, which uses the same mRNA technology as Moderna’s Covid vaccine, is custom-built based on an analysis of a patient’s tumors after surgical removal. The shot is designed to train the immune system to recognize and attack specific mutations in cancer cells.
    Merck’s Keytruda, which is approved to treat melanoma and other cancers, belongs to a class of widely used immunotherapies known as checkpoint inhibitors designed to disable a certain protein that helps cancer evade the immune system.

    The U.S. Food and Drug Administration gave breakthrough therapy designation to the cancer vaccine for the treatment of melanoma in February, which is intended to speed up the development and review of treatments for serious and life-threatening diseases.
    Moderna and Merck are also testing the vaccine with Keytruda against other tumor types. On Monday, the drugmakers started a late-stage trial on the combination as a treatment for non-small cell lung cancer.
    Melanoma is responsible for the large majority of skin cancer deaths, according to the American Cancer Society. The rate of melanoma has increased rapidly over the past few decades, according to the organization.
    About 100,000 people will be diagnosed with melanoma in the U.S. this year and nearly 8,000 people are expected to die from the disease, according to the American Cancer Society.Don’t miss these stories from CNBC PRO: More