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    Stocks making the biggest moves midday: Walmart, CVS Health, Wolfspeed and more

    A CVS pharmacy in Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania.
    Paul Weaver | LightRocket | Getty Images

    Check out the companies making headlines during midday trading Thursday.
    Cisco Systems — Shares of the computer networking giant added 4% after reporting earnings postmarket Wednesday that beat Wall Street’s expectations. Adjusted earnings per share for its fiscal fourth quarter came in at $1.14, topping the $1.06 expected from analysts polled by Refinitiv. Revenue was $15.2 billion, compared with the $15.05 billion expected.

    Walmart — Shares of the big-box retailer fell nearly 2% even after Walmart topped estimates for the recent quarter and lifted its full-year forecast due to strong grocery and e-commerce growth. The company reported adjusted earnings of $1.84 a share, ahead of the $1.71 expected by analysts polled by Refinitiv. Revenue came in at $161.63 billion, topping an estimate of $160.27 billion.
    Hawaiian Electric — The utility stock tumbled 15% and hit a new 52-week low as investors remained concerned about the company’s potential liability in Maui’s wildfires. The Wall Street Journal reported late Wednesday that Hawaiian Electric is in talks with firms that specialize in restructuring. 
    CVS Health — Shares of the pharmacy giant slid more than 9% after Blue Shield of California ended its pharmacy benefits partnership with CVS Caremark and announced it will instead join forces with Mark Cuban’s Cost Plus Drugs and Amazon Pharmacy in a move to help members save on drug costs.
    Coherent — The semiconductor stock gained 3.9% after a nearly 30% drop Wednesday. While Coherent beat expectations when reporting fiscal fourth-quarter earnings earlier in the week, the company’s guidance for current-quarter and full-year earnings and revenue came in below what was expected by analysts surveyed by FactSet. Investment firm Rosenblatt recently upgraded shares to buy from neutral, noting the post-earnings sell-off was “overdone” and the weak full-year guidance should be conservative.
    Ball — The stock edged up 3% Thursday on news that BAE Systems is acquiring Ball’s aerospace business for $5.55 billion in cash.

    Adyen — Europe’s Stripe rival Adyen lost 36% in midday trading after the company reported worse-than-expected sales and a profit drop in the first half of the year, driven by increased hiring and competition from rivals. Adyen reported 739.1 million euros in revenue between January 2023 and June 2023, which fell short of analysts’ expectations of 853.6 million euros, according to Eikon data.
    Wolfspeed — Shares of the semiconductor developer dropped 16% following the company’s earnings report after the bell Wednesday. Wolfspeed posted an adjusted loss of 42 cents per share for its fiscal fourth quarter, missing expectations of a 20 cent loss per share, according to Refinitiv.
    VinFast Auto — Shares of the Vietnamese electric vehicle company plunged 18% in midday trading as the stock searches for its level after its Nasdaq debut Tuesday. The stock rose more than 250% in its first trading session, after VinFast merged with a special purpose acquisition company, but retreated nearly 19% Wednesday. 
    América Móvil — The Mexican telecommunications stock gained about 4% after Citi upgraded the company to buy from neutral in a Wednesday note and hiked its price target, with the new forecast implying more than 26% upside from Wednesday’s closing price. The firm expects the stock’s latest pullback, which it attributed to capital expenditures and sellers fleeing due to an August MSCI rebalance, to abate over the short term.
    — CNBC’s Jesse Pound, Tanaya Macheel, Alex Harring, Samantha Subin and Michelle Fox Theobald contributed reporting. More

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    UK defense contractor BAE buying Ball’s aerospace division for $5.6 billion

    Ball Corp. agreed to sell its aerospace division to U.K. defense contractor BAE Systems for $5.6 billion in cash, the companies announced Thursday.
    Ball Aerospace has about 5,200 employees and deals in manufacturing spacecraft and specialized aerial systems.
    Ball began shopping around its aerospace division earlier this year, looking for a deal that would help trim its nearly $10 billion in debt.

    The Ball Aerospace-manufactured Weather System Follow-on-Microwave (WSF-M) satellite for the U.S. Space Force.
    Ball Corporation

    Ball Corp. agreed to sell its aerospace division to U.K. defense contractor BAE Systems for $5.6 billion in cash, the companies announced Thursday.
    The deal is expected to close in the first half of next year, pending regulatory approval.

    The aerospace unit of Colorado-based Ball, widely known for its beverage and household packaging products, deals in manufacturing spacecraft and specialized aerial systems. It counts NOAA, the Pentagon and U.S. intelligence agencies as some of its key customers.
    BAE noted that more than 60% of Ball’s 5,200 or so aerospace employees hold U.S. security clearances.
    “The proposed acquisition of Ball Aerospace is a unique opportunity to add a high quality, fast growing technology focused business with significant capabilities to our core business that is performing strongly and well positioned for sustained growth,” BAE Systems CEO Charles Woodburn said in a statement.

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    Ball began shopping around its aerospace division earlier this year, looking for a deal that would help trim its nearly $10 billion in debt. Ball said the transaction is expected to generate about $4.5 billion in after-tax proceeds.
    Shares of Ball were up about 3% in midday trading Thursday. More

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    Looming auto workers strike could cost $5 billion in just 10 days, new analysis says

    A work stoppage by nearly 150,000 UAW workers at GM, Ford and Stellantis would result in an economic loss of more than $5 billion after 10 days, according to Anderson Economic Group.
    The Michigan-based consulting firm estimates the total economic loss by calculating potential losses to UAW workers, the manufacturers and to the auto industry more broadly.
    During the last round of bargaining in 2019, a breakdown in negotiations between the Detroit automakers and the UAW led to a national 40-day strike against GM that cost it $3.6 billion.

    United Auto Workers members on strike picket outside General Motors’ Detroit-Hamtramck Assembly plant in Detroit with Sen. Bernie Sanders, of Vermont, far left, Sept. 25, 2019.
    Michael Wayland | CNBC

    DETROIT – If the United Auto Workers union decides to strike against Detroit’s Big Three automakers when current labor contracts expire next month, the economic effect would quickly tally into the billions, according to a report released Thursday.
    A work stoppage by nearly 150,000 UAW workers at General Motors, Ford Motor and Stellantis would result in an economic loss of more than $5 billion after 10 days, according to Anderson Economic Group, a Michigan-based consulting firm that closely tracks such events.

    AEG estimates the total economic loss by calculating potential losses to UAW workers, the manufacturers and to the auto industry more broadly if the sides cannot reach tentative agreements before the current contracts expire at 11:59 p.m. ET on Sept. 14.
    “Consumer and dealer losses are typically somewhat insulated in the event of a very short strike,” said Tyler Theile, vice president at AEG. “However, with current inventories hovering around only 55 days, the industry looks different than it did during the last UAW strike.”
    During the last round of bargaining in 2019, a breakdown in negotiations between the Detroit automakers and the UAW led to a national 40-day strike against GM. The automaker said the strike cost it about $3.6 billion that year in earnings.
    In past negotiating periods, the UAW has selected a lead company of the Big Three and targeted initial collective bargaining efforts, including the threat of striking, there. But the new union leadership, already more aggressive than in recent history, hasn’t promised to limit such efforts to one automaker, leaving all three more vulnerable.
    “This is a different year than 2019,” AEG CEO Patrick Anderson said Thursday during a webinar with the Automotive Press Association. “It’s a different environment now.”

    UAW President Shawn Fain during a Facebook Live event Tuesday reaffirmed that the expirations of the contracts are deadlines, not suggestions. He said the union has no plans to extend the current contracts to allow for bargaining to continue without a strike, which was previously common practice.
    Effects for the companies would vary based on their U.S. operations and employees.
    GM losses would be $380 million through a 10-day strike, according to AEG. That compares to estimates of $325 million for Ford and $285 million impact on Stellantis.
    AEG’s estimates do not include UAW strike pay or assessments for strike pay, unemployment benefits or unemployment taxes, income taxes on wages and other potential effects such as settlement bonuses.
    The report from AEG comes a day after RBC Capital suggested the potential effect of a strike on the automakers may be “overblown.” In an investor note, analyst Tom Narayan argues GM’s “sharp snapback” after the 2019 work stoppage “suggests a similar event could be manageable.”
    However, the strike four years ago was only against one automaker, not all three. A simultaneous strike would likely cause ripple effects more quickly, especially for embattled suppliers that are still attempting to recover from lower production caused by supply chain issues. More

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    Walmart raises full-year earnings forecast as grocery, online growth fuel higher sales

    Walmart lifted its outlook for the full fiscal year, after beating Wall Street’s expectations for sales and earnings.
    E-commerce sales for Walmart U.S. jumped 24% year over year.
    Chief Financial Officer John David Rainey said there was “modest improvement” of sales of big-ticket and discretionary items in the quarter.

    Walmart on Thursday raised its full-year forecast, as the discounter leaned on its low-price reputation to draw grocery customers and drive online spending.
    The big-box retailer beat Wall Street’s expectations for sales and profits. E-commerce sales for Walmart U.S. also jumped 24%.

    Walmart said it now expects full fiscal-year consolidated net sales to increase by about 4% to 4.5%. It said adjusted earnings per share for the year will range between $6.36 and $6.46. That compares with its prior guidance for consolidated net sales gains of 3.5% and an adjusted earnings per share range of between $6.10 and $6.20.
    In a CNBC interview, Chief Financial Officer John David Rainey said Walmart saw “modest improvement” in sales of big-ticket and discretionary items like electronics and home goods during the quarter. Sales of those products have been weaker for more than a year as Americans spend more on necessities like food.
    He described the consumer as “choiceful or discerning” and said seasonal moments, such as the Fourth of July holiday and back-to-school, have helped drive sales.

    The company’s shares were up less than 1% in premarket trading.
    Here’s what the company reported for the three-month period ended July 31 compared with what analysts were expecting, according to consensus estimates from Refinitiv:

    Earnings per share: $1.84 adjusted vs. $1.71 expected
    Revenue: $161.63 billion vs. $160.27 billion expected

    Walmart’s net income for the fiscal second-quarter jumped by 53% to $7.89 billion, or $2.92 per share, compared with $5.15 billion, or $1.88 per share a year earlier. 
    Customers visited Walmart’s stores and website more often and bought more when they did. Transactions increased by 2.9% and the average ticket rose by 3.4% for Walmart U.S.

    Same-store sales for Walmart U.S. grew by 6.4% in the second quarter, excluding fuel, compared with the year-ago period. That’s higher than the 4.1% increase that analysts expected, according to FactSet.
    At Sam’s Club, same-store sales rose 5.5%, excluding fuel, in line with analysts’ expectations.

    Walmart’s online sales in the U.S. grew, as customers bought more items from the company’s growing third-party marketplace and placed more orders for store pickup and delivery.
    “It really shows that the value proposition for Walmart is much, more than just low prices or value. It’s convenience today,” Rainey said. “And so we’re leaning heavily into that and really both aspects of this part of our business.”
    Walmart has stood apart from other retailers such as Target, which have struggled with softer sales. It is better insulated from shoppers’ changing tastes and reactions to economic factors like high inflation because it sells more everyday staples as the nation’s largest grocer.
    Rainey said he continues to be surprised by consumers and their “willingness to spend.” But he added they still want to to save money.
    Customers are buying more food from Walmart’s private brands, which typically cost less. In the grocery department at Walmart U.S., sales of private labels rose 9% year over year. Those brands make up 20% of Walmart’s total U.S. sales.
    Shoppers may also be looking to save by making more of their own meals rather than dining out. Walmart has noticed “a little bit of a shift to cook from home,” Rainey said. It saw an uptick in sales of prepared meals and tools to cook with, such as blenders and mixers.
    While general merchandise trends are improving, sales are still down by low single-digits year over year, he said.
    Walmart has gained momentum with new revenue streams, too, including selling more advertisements and convincing more shoppers to sign up for its membership program, Walmart+. Those higher margin businesses are a major reason why CEO Doug McMillon has said he expects profits to grow faster than sales over the next five years.
    That upward trajectory continued in the most recent quarter. Sales for Walmart Connect, the company’s advertising business in the U.S., grew 36% year over year. More

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    Blue Shield of California taps Amazon, Mark Cuban’s Cost Plus Drugs for its pharmacy network

    Blue Shield of California will use Mark Cuban’s Cost Plus Drugs and Amazon pharmacy as its preferred pharmacy networks starting in the next two years.
    The nonprofit health insurer, with 4.8 million members, expects the move to the low-cost pharmacies will provide $500 million in annual savings on drug costs.
    Blue Shield marks only the second health insurer to sign with Cost Plus, since the online pharmacy launched in January 2022.

    Source: Blue Shield of California

    Blue Shield of California is teaming up with Mark Cuban’s Cost Plus Drug Company and Amazon Pharmacy — turning away from traditional drug store chains and ditching in part health giant CVS — in a move to save on drug costs for its 4.8 million members.
    The CEO of the nonprofit health insurer, which spent over $3 billion on member prescriptions in 2022, calls the move a major milestone in its efforts to move toward a value-based model for pharmacy care.

    “I expect we’re going to — when this ramps up completely — we’re going to be saving $500 million a year,” said Paul Markovich, CEO of Blue Shield of California. “So, this is a very significant reduction in cost that we ultimately, as a nonprofit that caps our income, will be putting back into our premiums.”
    The health insurer will continue to use CVS Caremark for specialty drugs to provide prescriptions and services for patients with complex conditions, but the online pharmacies will provide services for the rest.
    Shares of CVS fell 7% in premarket trading Thursday.
    CVS Health has been Blue Shield’s pharmacy benefits partner for more than 15 years. Analysts at Evercore ISI estimate that specialty drugs represent roughly 50% of Blue Shield’s pharmacy costs.
    “Helping customers achieve common goals is one of the many ways we provide value to health plans of all shapes and sizes,” said Michael DeAngelis, a spokesman for CVS Health in a statement. “We look forward to providing care for Blue Shield of California’s members who require complex, specialty medications – as we have for nearly two decades.”

    Amazon Pharmacy, which launched a $35 per month insulin program this week, will provide what the companies are calling up-front pricing, free delivery and round the clock access to pharmacists through its online services.
    For Cost Plus, which sells drugs at 15% above wholesale prices, California Blue Shield is only the second insurer to sign with the online pharmacy since it launched in January 2022. Capital Blue Cross based in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, with 1 million members, signed with Cuban’s venture last fall.  
    “It takes time. There are a lot of bad habits they need to break,” said Cuban, Cost Plus co-founder, about the challenges of contracting with health insurance plans, which are often called payers.
    “I think all payers realize that now that Cost Plus has made the price of medications transparent. Providers and patients can see what prices should be, and the entire industry will have to adjust,” Cuban said. “Other than the big three [health insurers] we will be in discussions with all other payers.”
    For Blue Shield of California the transition to Cost Plus and Amazon will begin with its own workers in 2024, before being introduced to members, to ensure that the online pharmacies will have the scale to meet its members needs.
    “We’re talking about life saving drugs, in many cases for people. So, making sure we get it right is important. And that’s why you need a lot of lead time,” Markovich said.
    The health insurer expects to launch the program for its members in 2025. More

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    Stocks making the biggest premarket moves: Walmart, Adobe, Cisco, Hawaiian Electric and more

    Walmart logo is seen near the shop in Williston, Vermont on June 19, 2023.
    Jakub Porzycki | Nurphoto | Getty Images

    Check out the companies making the biggest moves in premarket trading:
    Walmart — Shares added as much as 1% after the big-box retailer raised its full-year forecast and reported an earnings and revenue beat. Adjusted earnings per share for the quarter was $1.84, topping the $1.17 expected from analysts polled by Refinitv. Revenue came in at $161.63 billion, versus the $160.27 expected.

    Cisco Systems — The computer networking giant added 2.2% following its earnings beat postmarket Wednesday. Adjusted earnings per share for its fiscal fourth quarter came in at $1.14, topping the $1.06 expected from analysts polled by Refinitiv. Revenue was $15.2 billion, compared to the $15.05 billion expected.
    Adobe — The software company added about 2% after Bank of America upgraded shares to buy from neutral. The bank said Adobe was on the verge of becoming a leader in artificial intelligence. Bank of America also upped its price target to $630 per share from $575, implying more than 22% upside from Wednesday’s close.
    Hawaiian Electric — The utility company that oversees Maui Electric sank nearly 18% in premarket trading, continuing its slide over concerns of its potential liability in Maui’s wildfires. On Wednesday, the Wall Street Journal reported Hawaiian Electric is in talks with firms that specialize in restructuring. On Thursday, Bank of America lowered its price target on the stock for the second time this week, from $11 to $10.
    CVS – Shares tumbled about 7% in the premarket after Blue Shield of California announced it is moving from CVS to Mark Cuban’s Cost Plus Drug Company and Amazon Pharmacy. Blue Shield of California will still use CVS Caremark for specialty drugs and to provide prescriptions for patients with complex conditions.
    Wolfspeed — Shares dropped nearly 17% following the company’s earnings report after the bell Wednesday. Wolfspeed posted an adjusted earnings-per-share loss of 42 cents for its fiscal fourth quarter, missing expectations of a 20 cents loss-per-share, according to Refinitiv. However, the company’s revenue tops estimates.

    Ball — The stock popped 3% in premarket trading after BAE Systems announced it was buying Ball’s aerospace business for $5.55 billion in cash.
    VinFast Auto — Shares of the electric vehicle start-up fell nearly 5% in premarket trading as VinFast’s stock searches for its level after debuting earlier this week. The stock rose more than 250% on Tuesday in the first session after VinFast merged with a special purpose acquisition company, but shares retreated nearly 19% on Wednesday.
    — CNBC’s Alex Harring, Jesse Pound and Michael Bloom contributed reporting. More

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    Several Buy Buy Baby, Harmon stores to reopen after buyers scored deals on the bankrupt brands

    The new owners of Buy Buy Baby plan to reopen 11 stores as soon as this fall while Harmon is coming back, too, after Bed Bath & Beyond’s bankruptcy.
    Buy Buy Baby will need to differentiate itself and focus on a unique store experience to compete with retailers like Walmart and Target.
    The new owner of health and beauty chain Harmon has plans to reopen at least five stores.

    Bed Bath & Beyond and Buy Buy Baby signage is displayed outside of store in Los Angeles.
    Patrick T. Fallon | Bloomberg | Getty Images

    Bed Bath & Beyond may never return to its brick-and-mortar heyday, but the doors at former corporate siblings Buy Buy Baby and Harmon are set to reopen, CNBC has learned. 
    The group that bought Buy Buy Baby’s intellectual property at a bankruptcy-run auction in June, the owners of baby goods retailer Dream on Me, plans to reopen 11 stores in the Northeast as soon as this fall, Dream on Me’s chief marketing officer, Avish Dahiya, told CNBC. 

    But the group isn’t stopping there. 
    It’s setting off on an ambitious plan to return the brand to its glory years, with 100 to 120 stores over the next one to three years, said the marketing chief, who is also an officer on the Buy Buy Baby transition team. 
    “We definitely see merit in expanding to that number across the U.S.,” Dahiya told CNBC in the company’s first interview since its acquisition. “Similar to what we have done in the Northeast, it will be more cluster-based versus one-off.”
    Dahiya added: “We believe omnichannel is critical for the success of the business and stores play a role, so it’s important that we have stores come in sooner than later.” 
    Meanwhile, private investor Jonah Raskas, who brought the dog-walking app Wag! public through a special purpose acquisition company in 2022, plans to reopen five Harmon stores in the tri-state area of New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania and potentially more down the line.

    “This business never failed. This business was shut down because Bed Bath was failing,” Raskas told CNBC. “We have the luxury of deciding which stores to reopen … we have that ability to focus on the right places at the right time where the customers really want us back again.” 

    Courtesy: masonre studio

    When Bed Bath & Beyond filed for bankruptcy April 23, it repaid its creditors by auctioning off bits and pieces of its broken empire to investors. No one was willing to buy the entire company, but some saw the value of its individual assets — and managed to snag them for a song. 
    Overstock bought the intellectual property to Bed Bath’s namesake banner for $21.5 million, a price that Bank of America internet analyst Curtis Nagle bluntly described to CNBC as “pretty cheap.” Dream on Me’s owners, meanwhile, have the chance to rebuild Buy Buy Baby after it received its trademark, data and 11 of its store leases for about $16.7 million, far below what the chain could’ve gone for as a going concern. (The new Buy Buy Baby will operate independently from Dream on Me.)
    Raskas, on the other hand, snapped up Harmon’s trademark for a mere $300,000 when the chain could’ve once went for $5 million to $10 million, he said. 
    The new operators of Buy Buy Baby and Harmon have a chance at making something out of the bankrupt businesses, thanks to better balance sheets and less exposure to underperforming locations, according to Neil Saunders, retail analyst and managing director at GlobalData.
    “People have picked over the carcass of Bed Bath & Beyond and they’ve managed to get some quite good bargains in terms of the value that they’ve paid for the intellectual property and the business,” he said.

    What will the new Buy Buy Baby offer?

    When Buy Buy Baby’s doors reopen, shoppers can expect smaller stores, national brands and a focus on experiences, community building and learning, said Dahiya, Dream on Me’s marketing chief. 
    About 80% of the staff — including the merchant, tech and marketing teams — previously worked at Buy Buy Baby, and the company has tapped Bed Bath veteran Glen Cary to be its chief of stores, Dahiya said. Cary spent about two decades with BB&B, overseeing stores at Buy Buy Baby and Bed Bath’s namesake banner, according to his LinkedIn profile. 
    The revamped Buy Buy Baby is envisioning registry events and product displays that will allow new parents to meet each other, learn from each other and test out big-ticket items like travel strollers before making a purchase. 

    A brick-and-mortar footprint is important for the company’s overall strategy because it’ll give it a competitive edge that’ll better differentiate it from mass retailers like Target and Walmart, which would be tougher to do if the business was online only. The big-box stores have leaned heavily into the baby category but they lack the expertise and focus that comes with a specialty store.
    “[Mass retailers] have an aisle or two aisles of baby. We have a store of baby. That’s the difference, right?” said Dahiya. “We are very focused on the category we are in.”
    When it comes to baby goods, especially higher-priced items that are more technical, consumers need more “hand-holding” that’s better suited for an in-store experience than online, said Melissa Gonzalez, the principal at architecture and design firm MG2 and founder of the Lionesque Group.
    “There’s a mix of so much education that’s needed that cannot really be fulfilled online in a way that doesn’t feel overwhelming and intimidating,” Gonzalez told CNBC. “On average, when somebody’s spending like more than, say, $200, then it’s a different price point of consideration where they’re going to need multiple touch points before they can make a decision and on average, there’s not as much comfort to do that online-only.” 

    A display of diaper bags at a Buy Buy Baby location in Brooklyn, New York in January 2023.
    Gabrielle Fonrouge

    Dream on Me has been in the baby business since the 1990s. While its manufacturing capabilities and expertise make it well-suited to compete, busy families need convenience and are already comfortable doing their baby shopping at Walmart and Target. In order to survive this time around, Buy Buy Baby will need to focus on offering a unique value proposition, said Saunders from GlobalData. 
    “It’s not only Buy Buy Baby that failed. There’s also before it, Babies R Us failed and Toys R Us, which used to have baby stuff, and it failed. So, it’s a difficult model to get right,” said Saunders. 
    “It really needs to focus on specialism and that means having products that other retailers don’t, having services that other retailers don’t and being renowned for really strong advice and expertise in the baby segment and having really good locations as well.” 

    What’s next for Harmon?

    Raskas, who bought the intellectual property for Harmon, had been a longtime customer of the chain when he heard its 50 stores were shutting down. 
    Immediately, his curiosity was piqued, and he started doing outreach to a board member to figure out if there was something wrong with the business.
    “There was nothing. There was no red flag,” said Raskas, 37, during an interview with CNBC. “The exact line was, ‘There’s so many fires here to put out every single day, it just was something we needed to kind of move past.'” 

    Investor Jonah Raskas bought the intellectual property rights to discount chain Harmon.
    Courtesy: masonre studio

    When Bed Bath declared bankruptcy a few months later and investors began swarming over its namesake banner and Buy Buy Baby, Raskas started asking about Harmon, which had all but gotten lost in the noise. 
    He learned the company had done about $150 million in sales in 2022, had been profitable every year for the past two decades, and that seven out of every 10 customers who came into the store bought something.
    “I went and discussed with my lawyers and we said, ‘OK, what’s the kind of bare minimum bid that we can throw out?'” Raskas recalled. “And that’s what we did.”
    With a $300,000 bid, he secured the rights to Harmon’s trademark and plans to reopen five of its best-performing locations in New York and New Jersey hopefully by year-end. More could come down the line, Raskas said.
    David Abrams, the founder and CEO of brokerage and advisory firm Masonre, has been advising Raskas and scouting locations for the stores, one of which could open in Manhattan. 
    “There’s probably no better time to be a tenant,” said Abrams, adding that he’s looking for storefronts with better rents and visibility.

    The view from the aisle at a Harmon store in Brooklyn, New York in January 2023.
    Gabrielle Fonrouge

    At its heart, Harmon is a drugstore chain that sells a lot of the same products that CVS and Walgreens do, but it earned a cult-like following with its wide assortment, travel-sized products, low prices and its beloved private label Face Values. 
    Standing outside of a now-shuttered Harmon’s location in New Rochelle, New York, where Raskas and his family used to shop about an hour north of Manhattan, he pressed his face against the glass and recalled what the store was like during better times. 
    “What stood out was wide aisles, great lighting, the employees were super friendly,” said Raskas. “In today’s age, where a lot of times your in-person shopping experience is just kind of fine, painful or hellish, it was refreshing. I knew I’d get what I need … and I’d get out fast.” 
    The location, situated at the end of the North Ridge Shopping Center alongside an Italian restaurant and a smoothie shop, was one of Harmon’s bette- performing stores and one Raskas is considering reopening.
    Jennifer Kiggins, a trainer at the Rumble Boxing studio a few doors down, can’t wait. 
    “I think they had really great prices and they had everything you need from like toilet paper and paper towels to sunscreen to makeup, any like random thing,” said Kiggins, 28, who grew up shopping at Harmon with her mom. “I feel like it was always there.” 
    Luckily, aside from a few optimizations and tweaks, Raskas plans to keep everything the same. 
    “I’m not just buying a retailer, I’m buying something that was a community-loved favorite store that they went to throughout their entire lifetime and throughout all these different life-cycle journeys. … That’s why I think this is so exciting,” said Raskas.
    “Everyone loves a comeback story and everyone loves to come back to something that they thought was gone and now is back again.” More

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    Democracy and the price of a vote

    A typical economist does not have all that much in common with a typical protester in a failing dictatorship. Dismal scientists favour cautious lessons, carefully crafted and suitably caveated, backed by decades of data and rigorous modelling. Protesters need electrifying arguments and gargantuan promises about just how good life will be as soon as their aims are achieved, since that is how you recruit people to a cause. But the two groups share at least one trait. They both tend to be ardent democrats.Democratic institutions are good for economic growth. That is one of the few things on which, after decades of probing the link between politics and prosperity, economists agree. Dictators may be able to control the state, its resources and much of society. But countries that have long-established elections and associated institutions also tend to have trustworthy governments, competent finance ministers and reliable legal systems. In a paper published in 2019, Daron Acemoglu of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and co-authors split countries into dictatorships and democracies. They found that 25 years after making a permanent switch from the former camp to the latter, a country’s gdp was one-fifth higher than it would otherwise have been.The problem is that making the switch takes longer and is more expensive than often assumed. Look beyond Mr Acemoglu’s black-and-white division. Allow some countries to be more democratic than others—after all, it makes little sense to put a centuries-old democracy in the same category as one finding its feet—and a different picture emerges. In a study published last year, Nauro Campos of University College London and co-authors found that regimes face problems while trying to get rid of autocratic tendencies. On average, countries lose 20% of gdp per person in the 25 years after escaping dictatorship relative to their previous growth path, in part because many struggle with the transition to democracy. Today there are more such inbetween regimes than ever (87, according to the Economist Intelligence Unit, our sister outfit). Reliable institutions are a prerequisite for development, but democratic ones take a long time to build. Countries do not finish one day under a military dictator and start the next with a fully formed supreme court. Civil services that know when to leave the private sector be, legal systems that protect property rights, and thriving charities and universities take decades to develop. Investors take even longer to be convinced. Democracies spend more on health and education, which pays off, but only after decades.More immediately, overhauling politics shakes the economy. Few autocrats are sensible technocrats, but they stick around, while democratic progress comes in fits and starts, occasionally kicking into reverse. Countries often need several new leaders and constitutions before reform sticks. There is always a risk that a democratic experiment will end in a coup, war or uprising. For businesses, making big bets on stability is often too much of a gamble. Local ones do not want to get close to politicians and anger those who will be next in charge. Foreign creditors want to lend to a government that will still be around to pay them back. Elections also carry costs. Autocrats fix them, which is complicated and expensive. But winning one—the task ahead of a politician in a newly democratic country—is often more expensive still. After all, influencing through persuasion (with, say, promises of shiny new sports stadiums) soaks up more money than repression. A party-run media empire will be able to spend billions of dollars. Vote-winning welfare promises will be even pricier. New democrats also tend to rely on networks of crony-capitalist allies to campaign, protect and fund them. These networks can be more sprawling than the ones that kept their predecessors in power. Neither the powerful top brass, such as generals or businessfolk, nor the voters they bring in, will be particularly keen on a pay cut.Few candidates are really rich themselves, meaning payments often come from the state once candidates are in office. Fiscal balances fall foul of corruption, as inner circles siphon cash. The possibility of losing the next election sometimes adds urgency to such activities, rather than discouraging them. Worse, new presidents sometimes choose to, in effect, rent out parts of the government. Rather than dissolve state-run companies, they like to use board positions as rewards and dish out licences for national monopolies. The civil service changes hands. Flagship investments—planned for elsewhere—migrate to supportive regions. There is no money, expertise or time left to worry about growth. Stuff the ballot boxesAs costly as change is, the circumstances that provoke it are scarcely better. Mr Acemoglu finds that gdp per person tends to stop growing in the five years before a country becomes a democracy. Suharto, a former dictator in Indonesia, resigned in 1998, a year after the Asian financial crisis began. In 2011 Egypt’s Tahrir Square was filled with protesters demanding “Bread, Dignity and Freedom”. Today, once again, Egypt is brimming with political protest after years of crisis. So are Sri Lanka and Pakistan. There is nothing more likely to push politicians towards reform, or populations towards protest, than inflation, joblessness and falling living standards. All too often, autocrats are to blame for these problems in the first place. But swapping leaders or holding an election will not immediately fix decades of economic mismanagement. The difficulties of democratisation may also help explain why so many countries are stuck somewhere short of full democracy. Although a popular vote offers sizeable economic benefits, they take time to emerge, while the costs are more immediate. People who are no more able to make ends meet after overthrowing an autocrat, despite the grand promises they were sold by popular leaders, are more likely to turn their back on reform altogether. The path to democracy is fraught. That is why history is littered with failed experiments. ■Read more from Free exchange, our column on economics:Elon Musk’s plans could hinder Twitternomics (Aug 7th)Deflation is curbing China’s economic rise (Jul 27th)Why people struggle to understand climate risk (Jul 13th) More