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    Visa says EU regulator probing fees charged to retailers

    Reuters had exclusively reported earlier this month that EU antitrust regulators were investigating whether fees charged by card giants Visa and Mastercard (NYSE:MA) had a negative impact on retailers.The EC informed Visa about the investigation on Aug. 30, it said, adding that the company was cooperating with the regulator in connection with the investigation.Last month, Mastercard also disclosed that the EC had sought documents tied to a broader investigation into alleged anti-competitive behavior in the European Union.Visa and Mastercard have long dominated the market for payment cards and often been subject to scrutiny and allegations of a duopoly.Additionally, Visa said that the EC informed it on Oct. 1 that a separate investigation into the company’s incentive agreements with clients had been closed. More

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    Why is the euro falling and could it hit $1?

    At around $1.06, the euro has slumped nearly 5% from more than one-year highs in September when a weakening economic outlook stopped it in its tracks.Euro/dollar is the world’s most actively traded currency pair. Here’s a look at what’s driving the move in the euro and what could be next for the currency. 1. Could the euro hit $1?It’s possible. Parity is just 6% away and the euro has traded below that level before – once in the early 2000s and again for a few months in 2022, when U.S. interest rates were rising faster than euro zone ones as Europe grappled with the energy price surge that followed the war in Ukraine.For traders, the $1 mark is a key psychological level. So a fall below here could exacerbate negative euro sentiment, leading to a further depreciation.Big banks including JPMorgan and Deutsche Bank (ETR:DBKGn) reckon a drop to parity could happen, depending on the extent of tariffs. Tax cuts could also fuel U.S. inflation and limit Federal Reserve rate cuts, making the dollar potentially more attractive than the euro.  2. What does it mean for businesses and households? A weak currency typically raises the cost of imports. That can lead to prices of food, energy and raw materials rising, aggravating inflation. Since hitting double digits two years ago, inflation has fallen quickly so the hit to prices from currency weakness shouldn’t be a big worry for now. Most economists see inflation back at its 2% target next year after some volatility at the end of 2024.    Conversely, a fall in the euro makes exports cheaper – good news for Europe’s automakers, industrials and luxury retailers, for example, and for individuals or investors with overseas incomes.It’s especially positive for Germany. Long-considered Europe’s export engine, the German economy has suffered from a number of headwinds including a weak Chinese economy. 3. Is the euro being singled out?Not necessarily. Many currencies of major U.S. trading partners have been hit hard in the past six weeks by tariff worries.The euro has lost 4.75%, while the Mexican peso has lost nearly 5% and the Korean won has fallen 5.4%. The euro actually rallied 6% over the course of Trump’s last term, but fell by nearly 6% in the six weeks following the 2016 result, before recovering. And look at Japan’s yen. It’s down almost 9% this year against the dollar; the euro has fallen less than half of that.4. Is it really that bad?        Not everyone has a bearish long-term view of the euro. Many banks see parity as possible, but not necessarily probable.Faster interest rate cuts from the European Central Bank (ECB) than in the United States would be negative for the euro, but on the positive side that easing could also support the currency longer term by boosting the economic growth outlook.The euro zone economy grew 0.4% in the third quarter from the previous three months, faster than forecast, positive for the euro. The collapse of Germany’s government that potentially paves the way for growth-boosting spending under the next one could also be supportive.”Everyone is gloomy on Europe and we understand the gloominess but we could have some positive surprises,” said Edmond de Rothschild CIO Benjamin Melman, adding he does not see a significant euro downturn from here. 5. What does it mean for the ECB? The ECB is in a better position than the last time the euro weakened sharply – that was in 2022 and inflation was surging so the euro’s drop below $1 added pressure on the central bank to hike rates.Fast forward to today and inflation is trending lower. There are other reasons why a fall to $1 would not be a huge worry for the ECB. The ECB pays more attention to how the euro performs against a basket of the currencies of the euro area’s main trading partners. Viewed this way, it’s not looking so weak. The trade-weighted euro is down around 1.25% in the past week and well above levels seen in 2022.Economists also note that the pass-through from currency moves to inflation is relatively small, so euro weakness shouldn’t stall rate cuts for now. More

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    NLRB Bars Mandatory Anti-Union Meetings After Amazon Draws Complaint

    The ruling, stemming from a complaint against Amazon, bars companies from compelling workers to attend meetings on unionization’s downsides.The National Labor Relations Board ruled on Wednesday that companies may not compel workers to attend meetings on the downsides of unionization, a tactic that unions say stifles worker organizing.The decision, the latest in a slew of labor board rulings under the Biden administration aimed at supporting workers’ right to unionize, stems from a complaint over Amazon’s conduct before a successful union election in 2022 at a Staten Island warehouse, the first Amazon warehouse in the nation to unionize. The company held hundreds of meetings there and at another location to discourage workers from supporting a union.The N.L.R.B.’s ban on so-called captive audience meetings is a precedent with potential impact beyond Amazon, though it could be reversed after President-elect Donald J. Trump takes office. Facing a wave of union campaigns since the onset of the pandemic, large employers including Starbucks, Trader Joe’s and REI have held such meetings in what labor regulators and unions have described as an effort to clamp down on organizing. The companies have denied accusations of anti-union campaigns.These meetings, which employees are often required to attend, give employers “near-unfettered freedom to force their message about unionization on workers,” Lauren McFerran, the Democratic chairman of the labor board, said in a statement. She added that they undermine employees’ ability to choose whether they want union representation, a right guaranteed under federal law.“Today’s decision better protects workers’ freedom to make their own choices in exercising their rights,” Ms. McFerran said, “while ensuring that employers can convey their views about unionization in a noncoercive manner.”Amazon intends to appeal the decision, said Mary Kate Paradis, a company spokeswoman, calling the ruling a violation of the First Amendment and adding that it “contradicts the express language” of the National Labor Relations Act. Meetings are often held “because the decision about whether or not to join a union is an important one, and employees deserve to understand the facts so they can make an informed choice,” she said in a statement.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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    D.E. Shaw takes $108 million short bet on Bayer, regulatory filing shows

    By Nell Mackenzie and Ludwig BurgerLONDON/FRANKFURT (Reuters) – Hedge fund D.E. Shaw took a 102 million euro ($108 million) short bet against Bayer (OTC:BAYRY) on Tuesday, a regulatory filing in Germany showed, following an earnings presentation that sent its shares to a 20-year low, A short position reflects a view that the price of a financial asset will fall.New York-based D.E. Shaw, one of the hedge fund industry’s biggest managers overseeing more than $60 billion in assets, declined to comment. Bayer did not immediately comment. Bayer warned on Tuesday that weak agricultural markets would be likely to cause further falls in next year’s earnings, after releasing a lower-than-expected quarterly adjusted profit. The remarks presented by Chief Executive Bill Anderson sparked a sharp fall in the company’s shares and increased pressure on the CEO to deliver on his turnaround efforts. Bayer shares fell to a new 20-year low on Wednesday closing the session 3.5% lower. On Tuesday, they fell as much as 15.8% from the previous day’s close. ($1 = 0.9444 euro) (This story has been corrected to fix the short amount in the headline and paragraph 1, and changes the word to ‘than’ from ‘then’ in paragraph 5) More

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    US inflation rises to 2.6%

    Standard DigitalStandard & FT Weekend Printwasnow $29 per 3 monthsThe new FT Digital Edition: today’s FT, cover to cover on any device. This subscription does not include access to ft.com or the FT App.What’s included Global news & analysisExpert opinionFT App on Android & iOSFT Edit appFirstFT: the day’s biggest stories20+ curated newslettersFollow topics & set alerts with myFTFT Videos & Podcasts20 monthly gift articles to shareLex: FT’s flagship investment column15+ Premium newsletters by leading expertsFT Digital Edition: our digitised print editionWeekday Print EditionFT WeekendFT Digital EditionGlobal news & analysisExpert opinionSpecial featuresExclusive FT analysisFT Digital EditionGlobal news & analysisExpert opinionSpecial featuresExclusive FT analysisGlobal news & analysisExpert opinionFT App on Android & iOSFT Edit appFirstFT: the day’s biggest stories20+ curated newslettersFollow topics & set alerts with myFTFT Videos & Podcasts10 monthly gift articles to shareGlobal news & analysisExpert opinionFT App on Android & iOSFT Edit appFirstFT: the day’s biggest stories20+ curated newslettersFollow topics & set alerts with myFTFT Videos & Podcasts20 monthly gift articles to shareLex: FT’s flagship investment column15+ Premium newsletters by leading expertsFT Digital Edition: our digitised print editionEverything in PrintWeekday Print EditionFT WeekendFT Digital EditionGlobal news & analysisExpert opinionSpecial featuresExclusive FT analysisPlusEverything in Premium DigitalEverything in Standard DigitalGlobal news & analysisExpert opinionSpecial featuresFirstFT newsletterVideos & PodcastsFT App on Android & iOSFT Edit app10 gift articles per monthExclusive FT analysisPremium newslettersFT Digital Edition10 additional gift articles per monthMake and share highlightsFT WorkspaceMarkets data widgetSubscription ManagerWorkflow integrationsOccasional readers go freeVolume discountFT Weekend Print deliveryPlusEverything in Standard DigitalFT Weekend Print deliveryPlusEverything in Premium Digital More

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    Annual inflation rate hit 2.6% in October, meeting expectations

    The consumer price index increased 0.2% in October, taking the 12-month inflation rate up to 2.6%. Both numbers were in line with expectations.
    The core CPI accelerated 0.3% for the month and was at 3.3% annually, also meeting forecasts.
    Despite signs of inflation moderating elsewhere, shelter prices continued to be a major contributor to the CPI move.
    Inflation-adjusted average hourly earnings for workers increased 0.1% for the month and 1.4% from a year ago.

    Inflation perked up in October though pretty much in line with Wall Street expectations, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported Wednesday.
    The consumer price index, which measures costs across a spectrum of goods and services, increased 0.2% for the month. That took the 12-month inflation rate to 2.6%, up 0.2 percentage point from September.

    The readings were both in line with the Dow Jones estimates.
    Excluding food and energy, the move was even more pronounced. The core CPI accelerated 0.3% for the month and was at 3.3% annually, also meeting forecasts.

    Stock market futures nudged higher following the release while Treasury yields fell. Following the release, traders sharply raised the odds that the Federal Reserve will cut its key interest rate by another quarter percentage point in December.
    Energy costs, which had been declining in recent months, were flat in October while the food index increased 0.2%. On a year-over-year basis, energy was off 4.9% while food was up 2.1%.
    Despite signs of inflation moderating elsewhere, shelter prices continued to be a major contributor to the CPI move. The shelter index, which carries about a one-third weighting in the broader index, climbed another 0.4% in October, double its September move and up 4.9% on an annual basis. The category was responsible for more than half the gain in the all-items CPI measure, according to the BLS.

    Used vehicle costs also rose, up 2.7% on the month while motor vehicle insurance declined 0.1% but was still higher by 14% for the 12-month period. Airline fares jumped 3.2% while eggs tumbled 6.4% but were still 30.4% higher from a year ago.
    Inflation-adjusted average hourly earnings for workers increased 0.1% for the month and 1.4% from a year ago, the BLS said in a separate report.
    The readings took inflation further away from the Federal Reserve’s 2% goal and could complicate the central bank’s monetary policy strategy going forward, particularly with a new administration taking over the White House in January.
    “No surprises from the CPI, so for now the Fed should be on course to cut rates again in December. Next year is a different story, though, given the uncertainty surrounding potential tariffs and other Trump administration policies,” said Ellen Zentner, chief economic strategist at Morgan Stanley Wealth Management. “The markets are already weighing the possibility that the Fed will cut fewer times in 2025 than previously thought, and that they may hit the pause button as early as January.”

    President-elect Donald Trump’s plans to implement more tariffs and government spending have the potential both to boost growth and aggravate inflation, which remains a substantial problem for U.S. households despite easing off its meteoric peak in mid-2022.
    Consequently, traders in recent days have scaled back their anticipation for Fed rate cuts ahead. The central bank already has lopped off 0.75 percentage point from its key borrowing rate and had been expected to move aggressively ahead.
    However, traders now expect just another three-quarters of a point in cuts through the end of 2025, about half a point less than priced in before the presidential election.

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    The Trump challenge for Europe

    Standard DigitalStandard & FT Weekend Printwasnow $29 per 3 monthsThe new FT Digital Edition: today’s FT, cover to cover on any device. This subscription does not include access to ft.com or the FT App.What’s included Global news & analysisExpert opinionFT App on Android & iOSFT Edit appFirstFT: the day’s biggest stories20+ curated newslettersFollow topics & set alerts with myFTFT Videos & Podcasts20 monthly gift articles to shareLex: FT’s flagship investment column15+ Premium newsletters by leading expertsFT Digital Edition: our digitised print editionWeekday Print EditionFT WeekendFT Digital EditionGlobal news & analysisExpert opinionSpecial featuresExclusive FT analysisFT Digital EditionGlobal news & analysisExpert opinionSpecial featuresExclusive FT analysisGlobal news & analysisExpert opinionFT App on Android & iOSFT Edit appFirstFT: the day’s biggest stories20+ curated newslettersFollow topics & set alerts with myFTFT Videos & Podcasts10 monthly gift articles to shareGlobal news & analysisExpert opinionFT App on Android & iOSFT Edit appFirstFT: the day’s biggest stories20+ curated newslettersFollow topics & set alerts with myFTFT Videos & Podcasts20 monthly gift articles to shareLex: FT’s flagship investment column15+ Premium newsletters by leading expertsFT Digital Edition: our digitised print editionEverything in PrintWeekday Print EditionFT WeekendFT Digital EditionGlobal news & analysisExpert opinionSpecial featuresExclusive FT analysisPlusEverything in Premium DigitalEverything in Standard DigitalGlobal news & analysisExpert opinionSpecial featuresFirstFT newsletterVideos & PodcastsFT App on Android & iOSFT Edit app10 gift articles per monthExclusive FT analysisPremium newslettersFT Digital Edition10 additional gift articles per monthMake and share highlightsFT WorkspaceMarkets data widgetSubscription ManagerWorkflow integrationsOccasional readers go freeVolume discountFT Weekend Print deliveryPlusEverything in Standard DigitalFT Weekend Print deliveryPlusEverything in Premium Digital More

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    How Trump’s Immigration Plans Could Affect the Economy

    Expelling noncitizens on a mass scale is likely to raise prices on goods and services and lower employment rates for U.S. workers, many economists say.The wave of migrants who arrived during the Biden administration fueled some of the anger that propelled Donald J. Trump back to power. They also offset a labor shortage, putting a damper on inflation.With the next administration vowing to seal the border and carry out the largest deportation program in American history, those economic forces could reverse — depending on the degree to which Mr. Trump can fulfill those promises.Mr. Trump’s newly appointed “border czar,” Tom Homan, has said that the administration would start with the immigrants who have committed crimes. There are not nearly enough of those to amount to removals on a mass scale, however, and Vice President-elect JD Vance has also said that all 11 million undocumented immigrants should prepare to leave. “If you are in this country illegally in six months, pack your bags, because you’re going home,” Mr. Vance said in September.The numbers could rise by another 2.7 million if the new administration revokes several types of temporary humanitarian protection, as the Trump adviser Stephen Miller previewed last year. On top of that, millions of undocumented residents live with U.S.-born children or green card holders who could end up leaving the country as well.There are logistical, legal, diplomatic and — even though Mr. Trump has said there is “no price tag” he wouldn’t direct the government to pay — fiscal obstacles to expelling millions of people who would rather stay. (According to the American Immigration Council, an advocacy group for immigrants, it would cost $315 billion to arrest, detain, and deport all 13.3 million living in the United States illegally or under a revocable temporary status.)That’s why forecasting a precise impact is impossible at this point. But if Mr. Trump accomplishes anything close to what he has pledged, many economists expect higher prices on goods and services and possibly lower employment rates for American workers.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More