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    As natural disasters intensify, affected student loan borrowers have options

    Federal student loan borrowers affected by the wildfires ripping across Southern California have options if they’re worried about paying their bills.
    The same holds true for other people with education debt who find themselves grappling with weather and climate disasters.

    Fire engulfs a home as the Eaton Fire moves through the area on January 08, 2025 in Altadena, California. 
    Justin Sullivan | Getty Images

    Federal student loan borrowers affected by the wildfires ripping across Southern California have relief options if they’re worried about keeping up with their payments as they recover.
    The same holds true for other people with education debt who find themselves grappling with extreme weather and climate disasters.

    “Borrowers impacted by natural disasters may qualify for temporary relief from student loan payments,” said Carolina Rodriguez, director of the Education Debt Consumer Assistance Program, based in New York.
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    It’s a good idea for borrowers to familiarize themselves with the relief available to them in case they should need it, experts said.
    There was a record number — 28 — of billion-dollar disasters in the U.S. during 2023, including wildfires, droughts and tornados, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. By November of 2024, there were 24 confirmed weather and climate disaster events with losses also exceeding $1 billion each.
    Here’s what federal student loan holders should know about their options during a natural disaster.

    How a natural disaster forbearance works

    The Heroes Act of 2003 provides “several forms of relief” to certain student loan borrowers who live in or are employed in an area that is affected by a natural disaster, said higher education expert Mark Kantrowitz. Likely one of the most helpful options will be a natural disaster forbearance.
    “Climate change has affected the frequency and severity of natural disasters, making these waivers and forbearances increasingly important,” Kantrowitz said.

    At Studentaid.gov, the U.S. Education Department says its federal student loan servicers check the Federal Emergency Management Agency website at least once each business day to identify all impacted areas connected to a disaster declaration.
    In many cases, the Department of Education will automatically put qualifying borrowers into a natural disaster forbearance, Kantrowitz said.

    Fire engulfs a home as the Eaton Fire moves through the area on January 08, 2025 in Altadena, California. 
    Justin Sullivan | Getty Images

    “Borrowers generally do not need to apply for this,” he added. Still, borrowers who want to make sure their payments are paused might want to contact their loan servicer.
    The natural disaster forbearance lasts for up to 90 days, according to the Education Department. In some cases, borrowers will be granted 30-day extensions. However, the forbearance can’t exceed 12 monthly billing cycles from the date of the disaster. (Loan interest continues to accrue during the payment pause.)
    Meanwhile, those who want to decline the automatic natural disaster forbearance because they’re able to make their payments should contact the Education Department to do so.

    Relief for current students, delinquent borrowers

    Borrowers who are students at the time of a natural disaster may continue to qualify for an in-school deferment, Kantrowitz said, even if they’re not able to complete the school year.
    If you’re in default on your student loans and impacted, you or a family member can contact the Education Department and request a three-month suspension of collection activity.

    ‘Documentation may not be necessary’

    Your loan servicer may request certain documents to verify your eligibility for the forbearance, but you should be granted deadline extensions if the disaster makes accessing such paperwork difficult or impossible.
    “Documentation may not be necessary, given that documentation is often lost during a natural disaster,” Kantrowitz said. “You just need to show that you are an affected individual. The request can be made orally and does not need to be in writing.” (Showing that you’re impacted may be as easy as providing the address of your home or workplace.)

    Climate change has affected the frequency and severity of natural disasters, making these waivers and forbearances increasingly important.

    Mark Kantrowitz
    higher education expert

    If you’ve lost any of your student loan records in a disaster, you can access the information through your Studentaid.gov account.

    Ineligible borrowers may have other relief options

    If the natural disaster is not federally declared or borrowers aren’t deemed eligible for the forbearance for some reason, they can still request a temporary payment pause by applying for a general forbearance with their servicer, EDCAP’s Rodriguez said.
    Borrowers should keep in mind that interest can continue to accrue on their debt during a forbearance, and that they might not get credit toward a debt forgiveness program while they’re not making payments, she added.
    You’ll likely have fewer disaster relief options with your private student loans, Rodriguez said.
    Still, she said, “it is essential to reach out to private lenders as soon as possible to explore available relief and prevent delinquency or default.”

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    European wind stocks tumble after Trump says he will stop new turbine construction

    “We’re going to try and have a policy where no windmills are being built,” Trump told reporters Tuesday.
    The Danish wind turbine manufacturer Vestas and wind developer Orsted fell nearly 7% on Wednesday in the wake of Trump’s remarks.

    A Vestas wind turbine near Baekmarksbro in Jutland. 
    Afp | Getty Images

    European wind power stocks tumbled Wednesday after President-elect Donald Trump said he would prevent the construction of new turbines.
    “We’re going to try and have a policy where no windmills are being built,” Trump told reporters at a news conference at his Mar-a-Lago home in Florida on Tuesday afternoon.

    The Danish wind turbine manufacturer Vestas Wind Systems and Danish wind developer Orsted fell about 7% on Wednesday in the wake of Trump’s remarks.
    The president-elect went on a lengthy attack against wind turbines during Tuesday’s news conference, arguing that they are too expensive, require subsidies and lack public support.
    Trump’s opposition to wind power creates further challenges for an industry that has already struggled in the face of high interest rates that have raised the cost of developing new projects. In late 2023, for example, Orsted took a $4 billion write-down and canceled two offshore wind projects off the coast of New Jersey.
    Still, wind power has expanded in the U.S., growing from 2.4 gigawatts in 2000 to 150 gigawatts by April 2024, according to data from the Energy Information Administration. Electricity generation from wind hit a record in April 2024 and beat generation from coal-fired plants, according to EIA data.

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    Nearly half of credit card users are carrying debt — it may take months, or years, to pay off

    Almost half, 48%, of credit cardholders carry debt from month to month, according to a new report.
    Most blame an unexpected emergency expense although higher costs and overspending are also factors.
    Many borrowers say it could take years to pay down their balances.

    Many Americans are starting 2025 a little worse off than before, at least when it comes to credit card debt.
    Almost half of cardholders — 48% — now carry debt from month to month, according to a new report by Bankrate. That’s up from 44% at the start of 2024. Of those carrying balances, 53% have been in debt for at least a year.

    Roughly 47% of borrowers said they carry a balance due to an unexpected or emergency expense, most commonly medical bills or car and home repairs. Others cite higher day-to-day expenses and general overspending.
    “High inflation and high interest rates have been a nasty combination, and while the worst is behind us, the cumulative effects are significant and will linger,” Ted Rossman, Bankrate’s senior industry analyst, said in a statement.
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    Overall, Americans’ credit card tab has continually crept higher. 
    The average balance per consumer now stands at $6,380, up 4.8% year over year, according to the latest credit industry insights report from TransUnion from 2024’s third quarter.

    By way of example: With annual percentage rates just over 20%, if you made minimum payments toward the average credit card balance ($6,380), it would take you more than 18 years to pay off the debt and cost you more than $9,344 in interest over that time period, Rossman calculated.

    Meanwhile, 36% of consumers added to their debt load over the holiday season, according to a separate report by LendingTree.
    Of those with debt, 21% expect it’ll take five months or longer to pay it off, LendingTree found. 
    According to another report by WalletHub, 24% of Americans said they will need more than six months to pay off their holiday shopping debt. In that survey, most consumers said inflation caused them to spend more than they initially planned.
    “Many people need months to repay holiday bills after overspending,” said John Kiernan, editor at WalletHub.

    The best way to pay down debt

    The best move for those struggling to pay down credit card debt is to consolidate with a 0% balance transfer card, Bankrate’s Rossman said.
    “You could pay about $300 per month and knock out the average credit card balance in 21 months without owing any interest,” he said.
    As it stands, 30% of credit cardholders expect to pay off their credit card debt within a year, while 41% expect to pay it off in 1 to 5 years, Bankrate also found. Another 13% expect it will take more than a decade.
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    Cryptocurrency options in 401(k) plans: Here’s what to know to make the most of your workplace retirement plan

    Cryptocurrency was one of the fastest-growing categories of exchange-traded funds in 2024. 
    Although crypto is a small part of the 401(k) plan market, it could grow substantially in 2025. 
    However, advisors point to volatility and risk as reasons to be conservative with cryptocurrency investments.

    The rally in bitcoin and other cryptocurrency prices has generated excitement among some investors, but investment advisors are largely still skeptical that those volatile assets belong in a 401(k) plan or other qualified retirement savings plans.  
    Crypto was one of the fastest-growing categories of exchange-traded funds in 2024. The most popular of these funds, the iShares Bitcoin Trust ETF (IBIT), has ballooned to over $50 billion in total assets.

    Although crypto is a small part of the 401(k) plan market, it could grow substantially in 2025.
    President-elect Donald Trump has suggested he will create a strategic reserve of bitcoin for the U.S. and has nominated Paul Atkins, a cryptocurrency advocate, to chair the Securities and Exchange Commission. The SEC’s approval of spot bitcoin and ethereum exchange-traded funds in 2024 was a key change for the industry. 

    More from Your Money:

    Here’s a look at more stories on how to manage, grow and protect your money for the years ahead.

    The law covering 401(k) plans requires plan sponsors to act as fiduciaries, or in investors’ best interest, by considering the risk of loss and potential gains of investments. The Labor Department has cautioned fiduciaries to exercise “extreme care” before adding crypto options to a 401(k) plan’s core investments. 
    Labor Department officials, however, haven’t required fiduciaries to select and monitor all investment options, like those offered through self-directed brokerage windows, according to the Government Accountability Office. Nearly 40% of plans now offer brokerage windows in their 401(k) accounts, according to a 2023 survey by the Plan Sponsor Council of America. 

    Pros and cons of crypto in a 401(k) plan

    Fernando Gutierrez-Juarez | Picture Alliance | Getty Images

    Views are mixed about how much crypto to add to retirement savings or if it’s wise to allocate any at all. 

    Some financial advisors say crypto can work for a 401(k) plan because its movements are unconnected to the stock market and it functions even if a fiat currency is devalued.
    “Crypto should be a part of a 401(k) plan because it’s a non-correlated alternative asset class,” said Ivory Johnson, a certified financial planner and founder of Delancey Wealth Management in Washington, D.C.
    “With that said, investors need to ensure that they take their risk tolerance and time horizon into account which will define the target allocation,” said Johnson, who is also a member of the CNBC Financial Advisor Council. “The more volatile an asset class is, the less you need of it in the portfolio because you presumably get more bang for your buck.”
    Johnson recommends cryptocurrencies range from 2% to 8% of an investor’s portfolio.  

    Other experts point to volatility and risk as reasons to be conservative.
    “People saving for retirement should probably be even more conservative, because adding crypto to a 401(k) plan would significantly increase the risk that your retirement nest egg could suffer a large loss at the wrong time,” said Amy Arnott, a chartered financial analyst and portfolio strategist with Morningstar Research Services.
    Morningstar found that since September 2015, bitcoin has been nearly five times as volatile as U.S. stocks, and ether nearly 10 times as volatile. That type of volatility adds a large risk to a portfolio even with a small amount invested.

    401(k) contribution limits for 2025 

    Regardless of what assets are in a 401(k) plan, there are limits to how much you can contribute. For 2025, an employee can contribute up to $23,500 in a 401(k) and other employer-sponsored plans — that’s $500 more than in 2024.
    People age 50 or older can make a “catch-up contribution” of up to $7,500. And those age 60 to 63 years old can supersize that, with a catch-up contribution of up to $11,250 for 2025.
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    Quantum stocks like Rigetti plunge after Nvidia’s Huang says the computers are 15-to-30 years away

    Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang speaks with the press during the launch of the supercomputer Gefion at Vilhelm Lauritzen Terminal in Kastrup, Denmark, on Oct. 23, 2024.
    Ritzau Scanpix | Mads Claus Rasmussen | Via Reuters

    Quantum computing stocks dropped Wednesday after Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang declared that useful quantum computers are many years away.
    “If you said 15 years for very useful quantum computers, that would probably be on the early side,” he said during Nvidia’s analyst day. “If you said 30, it’s probably on the late side. But if you picked 20, I think a whole bunch of us would believe it.”

    Huang said that he believes Nvidia will play a “very significant part” in creating the computers and helping the industry “get there as fast as possible.”

    Stock chart icon

    Rigetti falls on comments for Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang

    Stocks tied to quantum computing tumbled in premarket trading on the heels of the comments, with Rigetti Computing plunging 25%, while IonQ shed more than 13%. D-Wave Quantum dropped more than 19%, while the Defiance Quantum & AI ETF fell 3%. Quantum Computing, which announced a stock offering to raise $100 million, sank 21%.
    The sector had gotten a lift into the end of 2024 as excitement around quantum computing exploded after Google revealed its latest Willow chip, which it said performed better than its 2019 predecessor at reducing errors.
    The excitement boosted shares into year end, with Rigetti and D-Wave rallying 1,449% and 854%, respectively
    Many investors, however, have warned that it may be too early to rule out proper winners in the sector and real-world use cases for the technology. More

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    Tax bracket changes could mean your paycheck is slightly bigger in 2025 — here’s what to know

    Your paycheck could be slightly bigger in 2025 due to inflation adjustments to federal income tax brackets.
    The change may be smaller than in previous years amid cooling inflation.
    Regardless, you should monitor federal and state tax withholdings throughout the year to avoid a surprise tax bill.

    Simpleimages | Moment | Getty Images

    Why your take-home pay could be higher

    If you’re starting 2025 with wages similar to your 2024 wages, your take-home pay — or compensation after taxes and benefit deductions — could be a little higher, depending on your withholdings, according to Long.
    “When all the tax brackets go up, but your salary stays the same, relatively, that puts you on a lower rung of the ladder,” he said.

    The federal income tax brackets show how much you owe on each part of your “taxable income,” which you calculate by subtracting the greater of the standard or itemized deductions from your adjusted gross income.

    “Even if you make a little more than last year, you could actually pay less in tax in 2025 compared to 2024,” because the standard deduction also increased, Long said. 
    For 2025, the standard deduction increases to $30,000 for married couples filing jointly, up from $29,200 in 2024. The tax break is also larger for single filers, who can claim $15,000 in 2025, a bump from $14,600.  

    ‘It ends up nearly balancing out’

    Despite tax bracket changes, many Americans won’t feel the pay increase amid elevated prices for certain expenses, said Sheneya Wilson, a CPA and founder of Fola Financial in New York.
    “It ends up nearly balancing out,” she said.
    While inflation is no longer accelerating, there was an uptick in the cost of groceries, gasoline and new cars in November, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
    Whether take-home pay is higher or lower than expected, it’s important to monitor your state and federal income tax withholdings throughout the year, especially during major income or life changes, Wilson said.
    Typically, if you withhold too much from your paycheck, you can expect a refund, whereas not withholding enough often results in taxes owed.     More

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    As student loan bills become a normal part of life again, tax break will be available to many

    There’s one upside to your student loan payments: they might qualify you for a tax break.
    The student loan interest deduction allows qualifying borrowers to deduct up to $2,500 a year in interest paid on eligible private or federal education debt.

    Damircudic | E+ | Getty Images

    There’s one upside to your student loan payments: they might reduce your 2024 tax bill.
    The student loan interest deduction allows qualifying borrowers to deduct up to $2,500 a year in interest paid on eligible private or federal education debt. Before the Covid pandemic, nearly 13 million taxpayers took advantage of the deduction, according to higher education expert Mark Kantrowitz.

    Most borrowers couldn’t claim the deduction on federal student loans during the pandemic-era pause on student loan bills, which spanned from March 2020 to October 2023. With interest rates on those debts temporarily set to zero, there was no interest accruing for borrowers to claim.
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    But interest on federal student loans began accruing again in September of 2023, and the first post-pause payments were due in October of that year.
    By now, borrowers could again have interest to claim for the full tax year’s worth of payments, experts said.
    “All borrowers should explore whether they qualify for the deduction as it can reduce their tax liability,” said Betsy Mayotte, president of The Institute of Student Loan Advisors, a nonprofit that helps borrowers navigate the repayment of their debt.

    Student loan interest deduction worth up to $550

    The student loan interest deduction is “above the line,” meaning you don’t need to itemize your taxes to claim it.
    Your lender or student loan servicer reports your interest payments for the tax year to the IRS on a tax form called a 1098-E, and should provide you with a copy, too.
    If you don’t receive the form, you should be able to get it from your servicer.

    Depending on your tax bracket and how much interest you paid, the student loan interest deduction could be worth up to $550 a year, Kantrowitz said.
    There are income limits, however. For 2024, the deduction starts to phase out for individuals with a modified adjusted gross income of $80,000, and those with a MAGI of $95,000 or more are not eligible at all. For married couples filing jointly, the phaseout begins at $165,000, and those with a MAGI of $195,000 or more are ineligible.

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    Op-ed: Here’s why estate planning is a gift for your family

    FA Playbook

    Estate planning isn’t about focusing on your demise; it’s about taking control and making decisions that ensure your loved ones are cared for.
    It’s a way to share your wishes and protect the people you care about most, leaving them a roadmap instead of unanswered questions. 
    Without a will and a plan, state intestacy laws determine what happens to your hard-earned assets.

    Just hearing those words ” estate planning ” makes most people zone out, as it’s tied to the end of their mortality, a topic they’d rather avoid. However, it’s important to consider what will happen to your personal belongings, finances and both tangible and digital assets as part of your estate plan. I would be remiss if I didn’t address a common myth: there’s no correlation between signing your estate planning documents and something happening to you immediately following. This is an objection to estate planning I have heard countless times from clients over the years. Estate planning attorneys have shared stories with me on many occasions where people come for a consultation, have the documents drafted, pay for them and fail to sign them for this reason as well. Let’s work to reframe how you think about this type of planning. Visualize the benefits of sharing your wishes with those you love. Estate planning isn’t about focusing on your demise; it’s about taking control and making decisions that ensure your loved ones are cared for. It’s a way to share your wishes and protect the people you care about most, leaving them a roadmap instead of unanswered questions. Money often causes disagreements , even among the closest families. Without clear instructions, disputes can arise, which could be disastrous to a family at a time when they should be leaning on each other. Having the proper documents in place does not guarantee there won’t be a family feud, as fighting is something that may take place with even the best plans. But you can provide the guidance your loved ones need to respect your wishes. Key documents: Will and/or trust to outline your wishes for your assets and family. Power of attorney to appoint someone who can step into your shoes and make financial decisions on your behalf. Health care proxy to appoint someone who can make health decisions on your behalf. The risks of dying without an estate plan Consider this: Without a will and a plan, state intestacy laws determine what happens to your hard-earned assets. This process, known as probate, is a legal procedure through which a court oversees the distribution of your estate. During probate, your assets are inventoried, debts are paid and the remaining property is distributed according to state law — often without regard to your wishes. Your will can help your family avoid this and have your assets distributed according to your wishes. Probate can be a lengthy, expensive, and public process. The public nature means that details of your estate, including its value and who inherits it, become a matter of public record. This lack of privacy can lead to unwanted scrutiny, potential disputes, or even predatory actions against your family. Probate can cause unnecessary stress and delays for your loved ones. There are actions you can take to further minimize the complexity of the probate process. Assets that are titled properly (such as joint with rights of survivorship) or that have a beneficiary named, will not be subject to your will or probate as a result. Naming a trust that will own your assets is also a way to avoid the complex and often lengthy probate process. These extra steps will help limit the say the state law or courts have over your assets and the public nature of the assets owned by the trust. You probably will not be able to avoid probate altogether, but this will help you make your wishes known and limit the involvement of the state. If you don’t take action, deeply personal decisions about your finances, assets, and even your loved ones will be made by the courts — not by you. Allowing the courts to make these decisions can lead to outcomes that may not reflect your wishes or the needs of your family. A solid estate plan ensures your assets go where you want, protecting your family from added stress during an emotional and already stressful time. Without these documents, your hard work and your legacy may go to those you would not want to benefit. A will and/or trust allows you to outline your wishes and direct what will happen after you are gone. These documents provide a way to share your expectations and provide direction on how you want your assets handled when you are gone. Absent these documents the state you reside in will decide how your assets are distributed. If you have children, the state will decide who cares for them. Think about that: if you die without a will, the state will decide the fate of your children. Estate planning to ’empower the present’ Estate planning isn’t just about the future — it’s about empowering the present. Estate planning includes appointing trusted individuals to handle your finances and health care decisions if you’re ever unable to. In general, people are living longer — life expectancy in the U.S. has risen from approximately 61 years in 1940 to over 79 years today. As individuals age , many may find themselves unable to manage day-to-day finances or make critical health decisions. With tools like a power of attorney and health care proxy, you can empower the people you trust most to step in when needed and ensure your wishes are honored keeping these deeply personal decisions out of the hands of the state. A power of attorney allows you to select someone to make financial decisions on your behalf, while a health care proxy ensures your trusted advocate can make critical health-related choices when you cannot. What to learn from high-profile estate mistakes High-profile disputes serve as powerful cautionary tales, even for those of us outside the spotlight. For example, Aretha Franklin’s music will live on as her legacy, but her estate planning mistakes have kept her family in court for years. Thirty years after Bob Marley’s death, his heirs were still battling over the singer’s estate in court, and when Kurt Cobain died by suicide in 1994, he did so without a will, so the State decided the fate of his estate, now valued at more than $400 million. These families endured costly legal battles and are extreme examples, but they highlight an important lesson: no matter the size of your estate, planning is essential. Having a plan allows your family to know what you want and gives them a roadmap to carry it out. Therefore, having that will and an estate plan in place will give your family the ultimate gift: a plan that leaves no question unanswered. Creating a plan is not just about dividing assets; it’s about showing love and responsibility for the people who mean the most to you. While no plan can promise to prevent all family conflicts, it will undoubtedly place your loved ones in a far better position than leaving things to chance — or the courts. By putting these essential documents in place, you can experience the joy of knowing you’ve taken control of your legacy in both life and death. — By Lawrence D. Sprung, a certified financial planner and founder/wealth advisor at Mitlin Financial Inc.

    Svetikd | E+ | Getty Images

    Just hearing those words “estate planning” makes most people zone out, as it’s tied to the end of their mortality, a topic they’d rather avoid.
    However, it’s important to consider what will happen to your personal belongings, finances and both tangible and digital assets as part of your estate plan.

    I would be remiss if I didn’t address a common myth: there’s no correlation between signing your estate planning documents and something happening to you immediately following.
    This is an objection to estate planning I have heard countless times from clients over the years. Estate planning attorneys have shared stories with me on many occasions where people come for a consultation, have the documents drafted, pay for them and fail to sign them for this reason as well.

    More from FA Playbook:

    Here’s a look at other stories impacting the financial advisor business.

    Let’s work to reframe how you think about this type of planning. Visualize the benefits of sharing your wishes with those you love.
    Estate planning isn’t about focusing on your demise; it’s about taking control and making decisions that ensure your loved ones are cared for. It’s a way to share your wishes and protect the people you care about most, leaving them a roadmap instead of unanswered questions. 
    Money often causes disagreements, even among the closest families. Without clear instructions, disputes can arise, which could be disastrous to a family at a time when they should be leaning on each other.

    Having the proper documents in place does not guarantee there won’t be a family feud, as fighting is something that may take place with even the best plans. But you can provide the guidance your loved ones need to respect your wishes.
    Key documents:

    Will and/or trust to outline your wishes for your assets and family.
    Power of attorney to appoint someone who can step into your shoes and make financial decisions on your behalf.
    Health care proxy to appoint someone who can make health decisions on your behalf.

    The risks of dying without an estate plan

    Consider this: Without a will and a plan, state intestacy laws determine what happens to your hard-earned assets.
    This process, known as probate, is a legal procedure through which a court oversees the distribution of your estate. During probate, your assets are inventoried, debts are paid and the remaining property is distributed according to state law — often without regard to your wishes.
    Your will can help your family avoid this and have your assets distributed according to your wishes.
    Probate can be a lengthy, expensive, and public process. The public nature means that details of your estate, including its value and who inherits it, become a matter of public record. This lack of privacy can lead to unwanted scrutiny, potential disputes, or even predatory actions against your family. Probate can cause unnecessary stress and delays for your loved ones.
    There are actions you can take to further minimize the complexity of the probate process.
    Assets that are titled properly (such as joint with rights of survivorship) or that have a beneficiary named, will not be subject to your will or probate as a result. Naming a trust that will own your assets is also a way to avoid the complex and often lengthy probate process.
    These extra steps will help limit the say the state law or courts have over your assets and the public nature of the assets owned by the trust. You probably will not be able to avoid probate altogether, but this will help you make your wishes known and limit the involvement of the state.

    If you don’t take action, deeply personal decisions about your finances, assets, and even your loved ones will be made by the courts — not by you.
    Allowing the courts to make these decisions can lead to outcomes that may not reflect your wishes or the needs of your family.
    A solid estate plan ensures your assets go where you want, protecting your family from added stress during an emotional and already stressful time. Without these documents, your hard work and your legacy may go to those you would not want to benefit.
    A will and/or trust allows you to outline your wishes and direct what will happen after you are gone. These documents provide a way to share your expectations and provide direction on how you want your assets handled when you are gone. Absent these documents the state you reside in will decide how your assets are distributed.
    If you have children, the state will decide who cares for them. Think about that: if you die without a will, the state will decide the fate of your children.

    Estate planning to ’empower the present’

    Fg Trade Latin | E+ | Getty Images

    Estate planning isn’t just about the future — it’s about empowering the present. Estate planning includes appointing trusted individuals to handle your finances and health care decisions if you’re ever unable to.
    In general, people are living longer — life expectancy in the U.S. has risen from approximately 61 years in 1940 to over 79 years today.  As individuals age, many may find themselves unable to manage day-to-day finances or make critical health decisions.
    With tools like a power of attorney and health care proxy, you can empower the people you trust most to step in when needed and ensure your wishes are honored keeping these deeply personal decisions out of the hands of the state.
    A power of attorney allows you to select someone to make financial decisions on your behalf, while a health care proxy ensures your trusted advocate can make critical health-related choices when you cannot.

    What to learn from high-profile estate mistakes

    High-profile disputes serve as powerful cautionary tales, even for those of us outside the spotlight.
    For example, Aretha Franklin’s music will live on as her legacy, but her estate planning mistakes have kept her family in court for years. Thirty years after Bob Marley’s death, his heirs were still battling over the singer’s estate in court, and when Kurt Cobain died by suicide in 1994, he did so without a will, so the State decided the fate of his estate, now valued at more than $400 million.
    These families endured costly legal battles and are extreme examples, but they highlight an important lesson: no matter the size of your estate, planning is essential.

    Having a plan allows your family to know what you want and gives them a roadmap to carry it out. Therefore, having that will and an estate plan in place will give your family the ultimate gift: a plan that leaves no question unanswered.
    Creating a plan is not just about dividing assets; it’s about showing love and responsibility for the people who mean the most to you. While no plan can promise to prevent all family conflicts, it will undoubtedly place your loved ones in a far better position than leaving things to chance — or the courts.
    By putting these essential documents in place, you can experience the joy of knowing you’ve taken control of your legacy in both life and death.
    — By Lawrence D. Sprung, a certified financial planner and founder/wealth advisor at Mitlin Financial Inc. More